Biology Quiz: Enzymes, Genes, and Plant Varieties

Molecular Biology and Genetics

• Restriction enzymes are commonly known as "molecular scissors" due to their ability to cut DNA at specific sequences.
• The ampR gene provides antibiotic resistance, specifically to ampicillin, allowing bacteria containing this gene to survive in environments with this antibiotic.

Plant Biology

• Taichung is a variety of rice, known for its high yield and adaptability in various environmental conditions.

Soil Science

• Nitrogen fixation in soil is predominantly facilitated by certain bacteria, often found in symbiotic relationships with legumes, converting atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants.

Genetics and Gene Regulation

• The Lac operon represents a set of genes involved in lactose metabolism in bacteria, demonstrating gene regulation through the presence or absence of lactose.

Reproductive Biology

• The anterior portion of sperm is converted by a cap-like structure known as the acrosome, which plays a crucial role in penetrating the egg during fertilization.

Human Genetics

• Sickle cell anemia is related to a genetic mutation that affects hemoglobin, leading to misshaped red blood cells and causing various health complications.

Aquaculture

• Pisciculture refers to the culture and breeding of fish, typically practiced to enhance fish populations for food supply or ornamental purposes.