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Questions and Answers
What is the correct direction of carbohydrate digestion?
What is the correct direction of carbohydrate digestion?
- Polysaccharides to monosaccharides (correct)
- Monosaccharides to polysaccharides
- Disaccharides to polysaccharides
- Monosaccharides to disaccharides
What type of laxative is prune?
What type of laxative is prune?
- Stimulants
- Bulk forming laxatives (correct)
- Osmotic laxatives
- Saline laxatives
What are substances that can cause birth defects known as?
What are substances that can cause birth defects known as?
- Antigens
- Toxins
- Carcinogens
- Teratogens (correct)
What is a reasonable weight gain goal for a patient with weight loss?
What is a reasonable weight gain goal for a patient with weight loss?
Where does the absorption of vitamin B12 occur?
Where does the absorption of vitamin B12 occur?
What is the best nursing intervention for someone who is losing weight due to poor nutritional intake?
What is the best nursing intervention for someone who is losing weight due to poor nutritional intake?
What type of carbohydrates are broken down into glucose in the small intestine?
What type of carbohydrates are broken down into glucose in the small intestine?
What is the primary function of Intrinsic Factor in the small intestine?
What is the primary function of Intrinsic Factor in the small intestine?
What is the primary function of the hepatic portal circulation?
What is the primary function of the hepatic portal circulation?
What is the main role of the epiglottis in the digestive system?
What is the main role of the epiglottis in the digestive system?
Which nervous system component is responsible for stimulating digestive enzyme secretion and gut motility?
Which nervous system component is responsible for stimulating digestive enzyme secretion and gut motility?
What is the primary outcome of glycogenolysis?
What is the primary outcome of glycogenolysis?
Which of the following is an example of breaking down carbohydrates into their building blocks?
Which of the following is an example of breaking down carbohydrates into their building blocks?
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
Which nutrient is primarily absorbed in the small intestine?
Which nutrient is primarily absorbed in the small intestine?
What is the primary regulator of glucose levels in the bloodstream?
What is the primary regulator of glucose levels in the bloodstream?
What is the primary function of insulin in the body?
What is the primary function of insulin in the body?
What happens to excess glucose in the body?
What happens to excess glucose in the body?
What is the term for low blood sugar levels?
What is the term for low blood sugar levels?
What is the role of glucagon in the body?
What is the role of glucagon in the body?
What is the name of the vessel that carries carbohydrates and proteins from the small intestine to the liver?
What is the name of the vessel that carries carbohydrates and proteins from the small intestine to the liver?
What is the difference between soluble and insoluble fibre?
What is the difference between soluble and insoluble fibre?
What is the primary function of diastop in treating diarrhoea?
What is the primary function of diastop in treating diarrhoea?
What is a recommended dietary intervention for Carrie to lose weight?
What is a recommended dietary intervention for Carrie to lose weight?
What is the primary function of the islets of Langerhans in the body?
What is the primary function of the islets of Langerhans in the body?
What is the term for the process by which the body regulates blood sugar levels?
What is the term for the process by which the body regulates blood sugar levels?
Study Notes
Hepatic Portal Circulation
- The hepatic portal circulation involves blood flow from one capillary bed flowing into another capillary bed.
Epiglottis Function
- The function of the epiglottis is to ensure that food products are not aspirated into the lungs.
Parasympathetic Nervous System
- In the digestive system, the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for motility of smooth muscle and relaxation of sphincters.
Glycogenolysis
- Glycogenolysis is a process that ensures glycogen is converted to glucose.
Body's Response to Hyperglycaemia
- The body responds to hyperglycaemia by releasing insulin, which moves glucose from the blood to the cells/muscles, and then moves any excess glucose to the liver to be stored.
Body's Response to Hypoglycaemia
- The body responds to hypoglycaemia by releasing stored glycogen, which is then broken down to its original glucose form and released into the blood via the liver.
Hepatic Portal Vein
- The hepatic portal vein is the vessel that ensures carbohydrates and proteins travel from the small intestine to the liver.
Interventions for Weight Loss
- Two interventions that can help with weight loss are a dietary plan that includes recommended daily intake of protein, carbohydrates, fruits, and vegetables, and an exercise programme that includes weight-bearing exercises for 30 minutes every other day.
Soluble and Insoluble Fibre
- Soluble fibre dissolves in water, absorbs fluid, and softens faeces, making it easier to move faeces along the GI tract.
- Insoluble fibre does not dissolve in water and is a bulking agent, which helps to keep bowel movements regular.
Diastop
- Diastop is insoluble water and adds bulk to the stool, slowing peristalsis and increasing the viscosity of contents, making faeces thicker and more formed.
Disaccharides
- Disaccharides are broken down to monosaccharides.
Prunes
- Prunes are a favourable food used to decrease constipation and are classified as bulk-forming laxatives.
Teratogens
- Teratogens are substances capable of causing birth defects.
Nursing Intervention for Weight Loss
- A nursing intervention for a person with weight loss includes aiming for 0.5 - 1kg of weight gain per week.
Absorption of Vitamin B12
- The absorption of vitamin B12 occurs via intrinsic factor in the small intestine.
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Description
Test your knowledge of biology concepts, including the hepatic portal circulation and the function of the epiglottis, in this energy and metabolism quiz.
