Questions and Answers
What plays a vital role in the production of the cell's ribosome?
What helps keep the cell stable and protects it by separating organelles?
Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
What structure transports materials through the cell?
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What is the site of energy or ATP synthesis in the cell?
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Which of the following is a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the three postulates of the Cell Theory?
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What is the main component that controls the movement of materials in and out of a cell?
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Which cell structure provides support and protection specifically for plant cells?
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What is a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?
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Which structure serves as the control center of the cell?
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Which component assists in attaching prokaryotic cells to surfaces?
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What is a function of the protective structure found in plant cells?
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Which cell type includes membrane-bound organelles?
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What is the basic unit of the structure and function of all living things?
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Which British scientist discovered cells while observing a thin slice of cork?
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Who discovered single-celled organisms using a handmade microscope?
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Which German botanist concluded that plants are made of cells?
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Which statement best describes the role of vacuoles in plant cells?
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Which cell structure is responsible for internal cellular digestion?
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What did the German zoologist state about animals?
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What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
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Study Notes
Basic Unit of Life
- Cell: Fundamental structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
- Chloroplast: Main site of photosynthesis in plant cells.
Discovery of Cells
- Robert Hooke: British scientist who first discovered cells by examining cork; described them as tiny boxes or honeycomb structures.
- Anton van Leeuwenhoek: Dutch microscopist who observed single-celled organisms in pond water using a handmade microscope.
Development of Cell Theory
- Matthias Schleiden: German botanist who stated that plants are made of cells.
- Theodor Schwann: German zoologist concluding that animals are composed of cells.
- Rudolf Virchow: German physician who proposed that cells arise from pre-existing cells.
The 3 Postulates of the Cell Theory
- The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things.
- All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
- All cells are produced by the division of existing cells.
Types of Cells
- Eukaryotic Cells: Complex cells with a true nucleus.
- Prokaryotic Cells: Simple cells without a nucleus.
Cell Structure and Functions
- Cell Membrane: Regulates movement of materials in and out of the cell.
- Cell Wall: Composed of cellulose; provides protection and support to plant cells.
- Nucleus: Control center of the cell, governing metabolism and reproduction.
- Nuclear Envelope: Barrier between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
- Nucleolus: Site for ribosome production within the nucleus.
- Cytoplasm: Jelly-like substance where cellular components are suspended.
Cell Organelles
- Ribosomes: Sites of protein synthesis.
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Transports materials within the cell; comes in rough (with ribosomes) and smooth (without ribosomes) types.
- Mitochondria: Powerhouse of the cell; site of ATP (energy) production.
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells
- Nucleus: Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus; eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus.
- Size: Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells.
- Membrane-Enclosed Organelles: Absent in prokaryotic cells; present in eukaryotic cells.
- Number of Cells: Prokaryotic cells are typically unicellular; eukaryotic cells can be unicellular or multicellular.
- Genetic Material: Prokaryotic cells have circular DNA; eukaryotic cells possess linear DNA organized in chromosomes.
- Reproduction: Prokaryotic cells reproduce through binary fission; eukaryotic cells undergo mitosis and meiosis for reproduction.
- Examples: Prokaryotic cells include bacteria; eukaryotic cells include plants, animals, and fungi.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the discovery of cells and their functions. This quiz covers key concepts related to cell structure, photosynthesis, and the roles of various cellular components. Perfect for biology students and enthusiasts.
