Biology Quiz: Cell Structures and Functions

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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes striated muscles from smooth muscles?

Striated muscles can be controlled voluntarily. (correct)

Striated muscles are moved involuntarily.

Striated muscles do not have a striated appearance.

Striated muscles are found in the intestines.

Which of the following is not a level of biological organization?

Species (correct)

Tissues

Cells

Organs

How do stem cells differ from specialized body cells?

Stem cells are found only in the placenta.

Stem cells are specialized and perform specific functions.

Stem cells can differentiate into any type of cell. (correct)

Stem cells are less abundant than specialized cells.

What type of cells are responsible for the heartbeat?

Cardiac cells Signup and view all the answers

Which example correctly matches a type of tissue with its location in the body?

Nerve tissue - Brain and spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the basic unit of living things?

Cell Theory Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of mitosis are chromosomes pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell?

Anaphase Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the chromosomes in a skin cell during division?

They divide equally between daughter cells. Signup and view all the answers

How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have if a cell with 22 chromosomes undergoes mitosis?

22 chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason why cells divide?

Energy production Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates asexual reproduction from sexual reproduction?

Asexual reproduction involves one parent. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a carcinogen?

Chemicals used for fertilizing food Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of connective tissue?

Holding bones together and transporting nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the anaphase of mitosis?

Chromosomes are pulled toward opposite sides of the cell. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes benign tumors?

They are non-cancerous and do not affect neighboring cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of red blood cells?

To deliver oxygen to the body and remove carbon dioxide. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes cytokinesis from mitosis?

Mitosis includes nuclear division and cytokinesis involves cytoplasmic division. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary consequence if cells grow too large?

Failure of the cell membrane to contain organelles and cytoplasm. Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes thicken and become more condensed?

Prophase Signup and view all the answers

Which tissue is responsible for allowing movement in the body?

Muscle tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nerve cells in the body?

To transmit signals and coordinate responses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mitochondria in a cell?

Produces energy for the cell Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly describes white blood cells?

They are infection-fighting cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the vacuole in a cell?

Stores water and other substances Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cilia in cells?

Detects movement or creates current in liquids Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the cell membrane?

Supports the cell and controls substance movement Signup and view all the answers

What process is represented by cytokinesis?

Division of a cell’s cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of red blood cells?

To transport oxygen throughout the body Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of DNA?

Carries genetic information Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Matching Review

Light source (A) Magnifies the object under a microscope
Vacuole (E) Stores water, waste, and other substances in a cell
White blood cells (L) Infection-fighting cells
Cilia (P) Detects movement or creates current in surrounding liquid around a cell
DNA (O) Large molecules carrying genetic information
Mutation (X) Random change in a cell's genetic information
Platelets (GG) Blood cell that aids in clotting
Cell membrane (S) Supports the cell and allows substance movement
Coarse Adjustment Knob (M) An adjustment knob not used with high power lenses
Mitochondria (C) Organelle producing energy for the cell
Cytokinesis (H) Division of a cell's cytoplasm and organelles
Digestive System (Y) Group of organs that break down and absorb nutrients
Connective Tissue (BB) Tissue composed of cells and non-living materials, providing support, protection, and connection
Cell Cycle (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase) The process of cell division
Blood Vessels (Arteries/Veins) Carries blood away or toward the heart
Nervous System (OO) Tissue that transmits signals and controls movement/function
Blood (24) Transports oxygen to the body
Epithelial Tissue (FF) Covers surfaces and lines internal organs

Cell Division and Growth

Cells divide as organisms grow to prevent overwhelming size, maintaining a balance between diffusion and osmosis.
Cell membranes can't support too much cytoplasm and organelles.
Benign tumors are non-cancerous cell growths that don't harm surrounding cells.
Malignant tumors are cancerous cell growths that damage surrounding cells and spread throughout the body
Mitosis is the division of chromosomes within a cell, while cytokinesis is the division of the rest of the cell's content.
Red blood cells carry oxygen to muscles and carbon dioxide to the lungs. Nerve cells use signals to communicate with the brain.
Mitosis has four stages: Prophase(duplication of chromosomes), Metaphase (Chromosomes line up), Anaphase (Chromosomes separate), and Telophase (Nuclear membrane encloses chromosomes)
Cell theory states that cells are the fundamental units of life.
DNA, the genetic material, is found within the cell nucleus.
A cell with 22 chromosomes that undergoes mitosis will produce two new cells with 22 chromosomes each.

Cell Types and Systems

Cells divide to repair, regrow, and reproduce.
Asexual reproduction has one parent, resulting in clones. Sexual reproduction has two parents, combining genetic material.
The cell cycle includes interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.
Carcinogens are harmful to cells, causing mutations.
Skin cells divide frequently, with chromosomes dividing equally during cell division.
Specialized cells include ligament, skin, blood and nerve cells.
Three organ systems, circulatory, respiratory, and digestive, work together to deliver oxygen, remove carbon dioxide, and provide nutrients.
Specialized tissues such as connective, epithelial, muscle, and nerve tissues are found in the body.

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Description

Test your knowledge on cell structures, functions, and related concepts with this matching quiz. Explore key terms in biology, including organelles, genetic information, and various cell types. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of cellular biology.