Biology Quiz: Cell Structures and Functions

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What distinguishes striated muscles from smooth muscles?

  • Striated muscles can be controlled voluntarily. (correct)
  • Striated muscles are moved involuntarily.
  • Striated muscles do not have a striated appearance.
  • Striated muscles are found in the intestines.

Which of the following is not a level of biological organization?

  • Species (correct)
  • Tissues
  • Cells
  • Organs

How do stem cells differ from specialized body cells?

  • Stem cells are found only in the placenta.
  • Stem cells are specialized and perform specific functions.
  • Stem cells can differentiate into any type of cell. (correct)
  • Stem cells are less abundant than specialized cells.

What type of cells are responsible for the heartbeat?

<p>Cardiac cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which example correctly matches a type of tissue with its location in the body?

<p>Nerve tissue - Brain and spinal cord (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the basic unit of living things?

<p>Cell Theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of mitosis are chromosomes pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell?

<p>Anaphase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the chromosomes in a skin cell during division?

<p>They divide equally between daughter cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have if a cell with 22 chromosomes undergoes mitosis?

<p>22 chromosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason why cells divide?

<p>Energy production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates asexual reproduction from sexual reproduction?

<p>Asexual reproduction involves one parent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a carcinogen?

<p>Chemicals used for fertilizing food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of connective tissue?

<p>Holding bones together and transporting nutrients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the anaphase of mitosis?

<p>Chromosomes are pulled toward opposite sides of the cell. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes benign tumors?

<p>They are non-cancerous and do not affect neighboring cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of red blood cells?

<p>To deliver oxygen to the body and remove carbon dioxide. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes cytokinesis from mitosis?

<p>Mitosis includes nuclear division and cytokinesis involves cytoplasmic division. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary consequence if cells grow too large?

<p>Failure of the cell membrane to contain organelles and cytoplasm. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes thicken and become more condensed?

<p>Prophase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tissue is responsible for allowing movement in the body?

<p>Muscle tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nerve cells in the body?

<p>To transmit signals and coordinate responses. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mitochondria in a cell?

<p>Produces energy for the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly describes white blood cells?

<p>They are infection-fighting cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the vacuole in a cell?

<p>Stores water and other substances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cilia in cells?

<p>Detects movement or creates current in liquids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the cell membrane?

<p>Supports the cell and controls substance movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process is represented by cytokinesis?

<p>Division of a cell’s cytoplasm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of red blood cells?

<p>To transport oxygen throughout the body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of DNA?

<p>Carries genetic information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mutation

A random change in a cell's genetic information.

Digestive System

A group of organs that break down and absorb nutrients from food and liquids.

White blood cells

Infection-fighting blood cells.

Coarse adjustment knob

The adjustment knob that is NOT used with medium or high power objective lenses.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Platelets

Blood cells that aid in clotting.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mitochondria

An organelle that produces energy for the cell.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Connective tissue

Tissue composed of living cells and non-living materials that supports, protects and connects the body's organs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cytokinesis

Division of a cell's cytoplasm and organelles.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anaphase

The stage in the cell cycle where chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Metaphase

The stage in the cell cycle where duplicated chromosomes line up along the center of the cell.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mitosis

The division of the nucleus of the cell, resulting in two identical daughter nuclei.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Interphase

Growth and preparation for cell division. Cells increase in size and produce organelles and proteins needed for division.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Benign tumor

A non-cancerous tumor that grows in one place and does not spread to other parts of the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Malignant tumor

A cancerous tumor that can invade surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cell division

The process by which cells divide to create new cells.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are stem cells?

These cells have the ability to develop into different types of specialized cells in the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What makes heart muscle different?

The heart's muscle tissue is unique, allowing it to contract and pump blood throughout the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the two types of muscles?

Muscles that move voluntarily are called striated muscles, while those that move involuntarily are called smooth muscles.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the four major types of tissue in the body?

Connective tissue supports and binds body structures, epithelial tissue forms coverings, muscle tissue allows movement, and nerve tissue transmits signals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How do the respiratory, digestive, and circulatory systems work together?

The respiratory system provides oxygen, the digestive system breaks down food for nutrients, and the circulatory system transports both.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nuclear membrane dissolves (during mitosis)

The process where the nuclear membrane breaks down, allowing chromosomes to be accessed by the spindle fibers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Telophase

The final stage of mitosis where the nuclear membrane reforms around the separated chromosomes, forming two distinct nuclei.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cell Theory

A fundamental principle in biology that states that all living organisms are composed of one or more cells, and that all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Where is the cell's DNA found?

The genetic material of a cell, containing the instructions for building and maintaining an organism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Asexual Reproduction

This type of reproduction involves only one parent and the offspring are genetically identical to the parent. Examples include strawberry plants and some bugs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Matching Review

  • Light source (A) Magnifies the object under a microscope
  • Vacuole (E) Stores water, waste, and other substances in a cell
  • White blood cells (L) Infection-fighting cells
  • Cilia (P) Detects movement or creates current in surrounding liquid around a cell
  • DNA (O) Large molecules carrying genetic information
  • Mutation (X) Random change in a cell's genetic information
  • Platelets (GG) Blood cell that aids in clotting
  • Cell membrane (S) Supports the cell and allows substance movement
  • Coarse Adjustment Knob (M) An adjustment knob not used with high power lenses
  • Mitochondria (C) Organelle producing energy for the cell
  • Cytokinesis (H) Division of a cell's cytoplasm and organelles
  • Digestive System (Y) Group of organs that break down and absorb nutrients
  • Connective Tissue (BB) Tissue composed of cells and non-living materials, providing support, protection, and connection
  • Cell Cycle (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase) The process of cell division
  • Blood Vessels (Arteries/Veins) Carries blood away or toward the heart
  • Nervous System (OO) Tissue that transmits signals and controls movement/function
  • Blood (24) Transports oxygen to the body
  • Epithelial Tissue (FF) Covers surfaces and lines internal organs

Cell Division and Growth

  • Cells divide as organisms grow to prevent overwhelming size, maintaining a balance between diffusion and osmosis.
  • Cell membranes can't support too much cytoplasm and organelles.
  • Benign tumors are non-cancerous cell growths that don't harm surrounding cells.
  • Malignant tumors are cancerous cell growths that damage surrounding cells and spread throughout the body
  • Mitosis is the division of chromosomes within a cell, while cytokinesis is the division of the rest of the cell's content.
  • Red blood cells carry oxygen to muscles and carbon dioxide to the lungs. Nerve cells use signals to communicate with the brain.
  • Mitosis has four stages: Prophase(duplication of chromosomes), Metaphase (Chromosomes line up), Anaphase (Chromosomes separate), and Telophase (Nuclear membrane encloses chromosomes)
  • Cell theory states that cells are the fundamental units of life.
  • DNA, the genetic material, is found within the cell nucleus.
  • A cell with 22 chromosomes that undergoes mitosis will produce two new cells with 22 chromosomes each.

Cell Types and Systems

  • Cells divide to repair, regrow, and reproduce.
  • Asexual reproduction has one parent, resulting in clones. Sexual reproduction has two parents, combining genetic material.
  • The cell cycle includes interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.
  • Carcinogens are harmful to cells, causing mutations.
  • Skin cells divide frequently, with chromosomes dividing equally during cell division.
  • Specialized cells include ligament, skin, blood and nerve cells.
  • Three organ systems, circulatory, respiratory, and digestive, work together to deliver oxygen, remove carbon dioxide, and provide nutrients.
  • Specialized tissues such as connective, epithelial, muscle, and nerve tissues are found in the body.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Biology Review Answers PDF

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser