Questions and Answers
All the organisms on your campus make up?
Which of the following best demonstrates the unity among all organisms?
A controlled experiment is one that?
Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?
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Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?
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Which of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry?
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The reactivity of an atom arises from?
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Many mammals control their body temperature by sweating. Which property of water is most directly responsible for the ability to sweat to lower body temperature?
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We can be sure that a mole of table sugar and a mole of vitamin C are equal in their?
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Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0. What is the hydrogen concentration of the lake?
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The atomic number of sulfur is 16. Sulfur combines with hydrogen in a covalent bond to form a compound, hydrogen sulfide. Based on the number of valence electrons in a sulfur atom, predict the molecular formula of this compound.
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What coefficients must be placed in the following blanks so that all the atoms are accounted for in the products? $C_6H_{12}O_6 -> ___C_2H_6O + ___CO_2$
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A slice of pizza has 500 kcal. If we could burn the pizza and use all the heat to warm a 50-L container of cold water, what would be the approximate increase in temperature of the water? (Note: A liter of cold water weighs about 1 kg)
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Which chemical group is most likely to be responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base?
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Which of the following categories includes all the others on the list?
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Which of the following statements is true concerning unsaturated fats?
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The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is the?
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Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?
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The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?
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Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system?
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Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?
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Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell?
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Which structure-function pair is mismatched?
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Cyanide binds to at least one molecule involved in producing ATP. If a cell is exposed to cyanide, most of the cyanide will be found within the?
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What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?
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Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes?
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Study Notes
Organisms and Communities
- A community comprises all organisms in a specific location, like a campus.
- Ecosystems include both living organisms and their physical environments.
Unity Among Organisms
- The commonality among all organisms is best exemplified by the structure and function of DNA.
Controlled Experiments
- Controlled experiments compare experimental and control groups simultaneously to assess the effects of specific variables.
Distinguishing Hypotheses and Theories
- Theories are comprehensive explanations derived from tested hypotheses, distinguished by their broad explanatory power.
Qualitative Data
- An example of qualitative data is descriptive behaviors, such as fish swimming in a zigzag motion.
Logic of Scientific Inquiry
- Scientific inquiry is based on forming hypotheses that predict expected results, which can be tested through observations.
Atomic Reactivity
- An atom's reactivity is primarily determined by unpaired electrons in its valence shell.
Properties of Water
- The cooling effect of sweating in mammals is due to water's ability to absorb heat when hydrogen bonds break.
Moles and Concentrations
- A mole of substances like table sugar and vitamin C contains an equal number of molecules, despite differing masses.
pH and Hydrogen Concentration
- A lake with a pH of 4.0 has a hydrogen ion concentration of 10^-4 M.
Molecular Formulas and Compounds
- Sulfur compounds with hydrogen form HS2, with the molecular formula H2S based on sulfur's valence electrons.
Balancing Chemical Equations
- The balanced coefficients for the equation C6H12O6 -> C2H6O + CO2 are 2:2.
Temperature Increase from Energy Conversion
- Burning 500 kcal of pizza could raise the temperature of 50 liters of water by approximately 10 degrees Celsius.
Chemical Groups and Properties
- The amino group is likely responsible for an organic molecule acting as a base due to its ability to accept protons.
Categories of Carbohydrates
- Carbohydrates encompass all other forms like monosaccharides, disaccharides, starch, and polysaccharides.
Unsaturated Fats
- Unsaturated fats contain double bonds in their fatty acid carbon chains and are more prevalent in plants than in animals.
Protein Structure Levels
- Primary structure is least affected by disruptions in hydrogen bonding, as it pertains to amino acid sequences.
Hydrocarbon Structures
- C2H4 contains a double bond in its carbon skeleton, making it an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Glucose Polymers
- Linking ten glucose molecules through dehydration yields a molecular formula of C60H102O51.
Endomembrane System
- Chloroplasts are not part of the endomembrane system, which includes structures like the nuclear envelope, Golgi apparatus, and ER.
Common Cell Structures
- Mitochondria are found in both plant and animal cells, providing energy through ATP production.
Prokaryotic Cells
- Prokaryotic cells contain ribosomes, essential for protein synthesis, but lack organelles like mitochondria and nuclei.
Mismatched Structure-Function Pairs
- Microtubules do not facilitate muscle contraction, which is a function of other structures.
Cyanide and ATP Production
- Cyanide, when introduced into the system, predominantly affects mitochondria, where ATP is synthesized.
Pathway for Secreting Proteins
- Newly synthesized proteins destined for secretion typically follow the path: ER -> Golgi -> vesicles that merge with the plasma membrane.
Lysosome Studies
- Phagocyte white blood cells are ideal for studying lysosomes due to their role in intracellular digestion.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards designed for Biology Practice Exam 1. They cover key concepts of ecosystems, communities, and the unity of all organisms through DNA structure and function. Ideal for students preparing for their biology exams.
