Biology: Phylum Porifera (Sponges)

True tissues

Trapping food particles

Material of the endoskeleton

<p>Capturing prey and defense</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radial symmetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bioradial symmetry and eight rows of cilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The characteristic feature of the Bilateria clade is bilateral symmetry, and it relates to the organization of sensory organs in that they are concentrated at the head region, exhibiting cephalization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Members of Phylum Platyhelminthes have a flattened body shape with dorsoventral compression, and they have a hydrostatic skeleton that relies on muscle cells, water pressure, and a tough cuticle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The characteristic feature of the pseudocoelomate body cavity in Phylum Rotifera is that it is a mesoderm-lined cavity between the ectoderm and endoderm, and the corona is a ciliated, band-like structure that surrounds the mouth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The distinctive feature of the feeding structure in Phylum Brachiopoda is a lophophore with cilia, and their shells are composed of calcium carbonate or chitin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The developmental stage of Phylum Mollusca is the trochophore larvae, and they have a soft, unsegmented body often protected by a shell, with a mantle that is a specialized epidermal tissue that secretes the shell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The characteristic feature of the foot in Phylum Mollusca is that it is muscular and often divided into branches, and an example of its modified form is the arms of octopuses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The characteristic feature of the body of Annelids is that it is divided into segments (serial homologs). This feature is significant because it allows for greater flexibility and specialization of different body parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A unique feature of earthworms is the presence of setae (bristle-like extensions) on their body. These setae aid in their movement by providing traction and allowing them to push through the soil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A unique feature of leeches is that they secrete an anesthetic-like substance in their saliva. This helps them feed on their hosts by making it impossible for the host to feel the leech's attachment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polychaeta have many setae (bristles) on their lateral sides, whereas Oligochaeta have fewer setae. This difference is significant because it distinguishes between different classes of annelids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Earthworms can reproduce asexually by cutting them in a specific location, allowing each broken part to grow into a new worm. This process results in the formation of two new worms from one.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Australian earthworms can grow up to 9 feet (2.7 meters) in length, which is larger than those found in North America. This unique feature sets them apart from other earthworm species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nematodes have a non-segmented, thread-like body, which allows for flexibility and ease of movement through tight spaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The exoskeleton provides protection and support to the arthropod, serving as a place for muscle attachment, allowing for movement and flexibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The digestive tract of nematodes is a tube within a tube, with the gut inside a larger cylinder, which is possible due to their specialized body structure with a muscular layer and a pseudo-coelom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nematodes are considered the largest number of animals on earth because they are microscopic and can be found in large numbers in soil, with a cubic centimeter of soil containing thousands of these worms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pinworms are the most common parasite in the United States, infecting up to 18% of the population in any given year, particularly among elementary school-aged children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nematodes have a pseudocoelom, a cavity lined by the endoderm and mesoderm, which is a characteristic feature of their body cavity and relates to their embryonic development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ecdysis is a process of shedding and replacing their exoskeleton, allowing arthropods to grow and develop by providing a larger outer covering.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both arthropods and nematodes practice ecdysis, allowing them to grow and develop by shedding and replacing their outer covering.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A true coelom is a fluid-filled cavity within the body, providing support and buoyancy, and distinguishing arthropods from other animal groups such as nematodes, which have a pseudocoelom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arthropods have an abundance of sensory organs, allowing them to perceive and respond to their environment, enhancing their ability to survive and thrive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The exoskeleton of arthropods provides support and protection, whereas the hydrostatic skeleton of nematodes provides support and movement through muscle contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The blastopore becomes the anus, and the mouth forms second.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water is pumped through vessels to extend and retract the feet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A fluid-filled cavity, lined with ciliated cells that move nutrients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A single dorsal nerve cord.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radial symmetry versus bilateral symmetry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>External fertilization, releasing gametes into the water.</p> Signup and view all the answers