Biology Photosynthesis Quiz Review

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Questions and Answers

What is the photosynthesis equation?

6 H2O + 6 CO2 = C6H12O6 + 6 O2 (correct)

6 CO2 + 6 H2O = C6H12O6 + 6 O2 (correct)

6 O2 + C6H12O6 = 6 H2O + 6 CO2

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 = 6 H2O + 6 CO2

Chloroplasts have two different membranes.

True

Both membranes of a chloroplast are selectively permeable.

True

What are the membranes of a chloroplast made of?

Phospholipids and proteins Signup and view all the answers

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide, water, sunlight Signup and view all the answers

The reactants of photosynthesis go _____ the chloroplast.

Into Signup and view all the answers

The membranes of the chloroplasts are called...

Inner and outer membranes Signup and view all the answers

Which membrane is more complex and why?

The inner membrane because it folds into the interior of the membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What is a thylakoid?

One complete fold of the thylakoid membrane. Signup and view all the answers

How does the inner membrane become a thylakoid membrane?

By folding into sacks Signup and view all the answers

What is a granum?

A stack of thylakoids Signup and view all the answers

What is the space between the grana called?

Stroma Signup and view all the answers

What are the steps in the middle of photosynthesis called?

Intermediate steps Signup and view all the answers

What are the two major steps of photosynthesis?

Light dependent reaction and light independent reaction Signup and view all the answers

Reactants come from...

Outsides Signup and view all the answers

Products come from...

Inside Signup and view all the answers

What are the four intermediates?

NADPH, ATP, ADP, NADP+ Signup and view all the answers

What are intermediates?

Molecules that are formed and used up during a reaction Signup and view all the answers

What are the light dependent reactants?

H2O, light, ADP, NADP+ Signup and view all the answers

What are the light dependent products?

O2, NADPH, ATP Signup and view all the answers

What are the light independent reactants?

CO2, NADPH, ATP Signup and view all the answers

What are the light independent products?

Glucose, ADP, NADP+ Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for the light independent reaction?

Calvin cycle Signup and view all the answers

In what part of the leaf is chlorophyll found in the chloroplasts?

Palisade and spongy mesophyll layers Signup and view all the answers

Where does most of the water plants use come from?

The soil Signup and view all the answers

Where is the stomata usually found?

In the upper epidermis Signup and view all the answers

What does a plant use for cellular respiration?

Oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Where does CO2 come from?

It comes from the atmosphere and through the stomata. Signup and view all the answers

What does the phloem transport?

Sugars Signup and view all the answers

H2O is recycled within the reaction.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of photosynthesis?

To produce glucose and gain the chemical energy in its bonds. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the epidermis transparent?

So light can get through it and reach the chloroplasts in the mesophyll. Signup and view all the answers

What does chlorophyll do?

It absorbs light energy and converts it into chemical energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of the light reaction?

The sun Signup and view all the answers

Which intermediates have the most energy in it?

ATP and NADPH. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of NADPH?

NADPH provides reducing power for the Calvin cycle. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Photosynthesis Basics

Photosynthesis equation: 6 H2O + 6 CO2 = C6H12O6 + 6 O2.
Balanced equation demonstrates the law of conservation of mass.

Chloroplast Structure

Chloroplasts possess two membranes: inner and outer.
Both membranes are selectively permeable, regulating substance passage.
Membranes are composed of phospholipids and proteins.
The inner membrane is more complex due to its folding into thylakoid structures.

Thylakoid and Grana

A thylakoid is a single fold of the thylakoid membrane, crucial for the light-dependent reactions.
Multiple thylakoids stack to form a granum.
The stroma is the space surrounding the grana within the chloroplast.

Photosynthesis Processes

Intermediate steps occur in the process, linking light-dependent and light-independent reactions.
Major steps of photosynthesis: light-dependent reactions (produce ATP and NADPH) and light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle).
Reactants for light-dependent reactions include H2O, light, ADP, and NADP+.
Products of light-dependent reactions are O2, NADPH, and ATP.

Light-Independent Reaction

Light-independent reactants comprise CO2, NADPH, and ATP, yielding glucose, ADP, and NADP+.
The Calvin cycle is another term for the light-independent reaction, vital for synthesizing glucose.

Leaf Anatomy and Function

Chlorophyll is located in the palisade and spongy mesophyll layers, maximizing light absorption.
Most water used by plants is absorbed from the soil through roots.
Stomata, primarily located in the upper epidermis, facilitate gas exchange, allowing CO2 to enter and O2 to exit.

Energy and Respiration

Cellular respiration in plants utilizes oxygen generated from photosynthesis.
Phloem transports sugars from photosynthesis to other parts of the plant.

Additional Key Points

Water (H2O) is not recycled in the reactions; only intermediates are reused.
The goal of photosynthesis is to create glucose and store chemical energy.
The epidermis of leaves is transparent to permit light penetration for photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll plays a critical role in capturing light energy and converting it into chemical energy.
The sun serves as the energy source initiating the light reactions, while ATP and NADPH are high-energy intermediates.

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Description

Test your understanding of the photosynthesis process with this quiz review. Explore key concepts such as the photosynthesis equation and the structure of chloroplasts. Great for reinforcing your knowledge before exams!