Biology: Photosynthesis and Excretion Systems

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Questions and Answers

What causes the stomatal pore to open?

Expansion of the leaf surface

Absorption of light by the guard cells

Decrease in carbon dioxide levels

Flow of water into the guard cells (correct)

What is the role of potassium hydroxide in the experimental setup?

To absorb excess water in the bell-jar

To prevent photosynthesis from occurring

To provide nutrients to the plants

To absorb carbon dioxide from the environment (correct)

When do plants typically close their stomatal pores?

When they do not need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis (correct)

During nighttime when no light is available

When high levels of oxygen are present

When there is an excess of water

What happens to the guard cells when they shrink?

The stomatal pore closes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is not mentioned as essential for plant growth?

Carbon Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to seal the bell-jars with vaseline?

To create an airtight environment Signup and view all the answers

How do terrestrial plants primarily acquire water for photosynthesis?

From the soil through the roots Signup and view all the answers

What conclusion can be drawn if one plant shows starch presence and the other does not in a light-deprived environment?

Sunlight is essential for the starch production process Signup and view all the answers

What are chloroplasts responsible for in plant cells?

Photosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the colour of a variegated leaf during the starch test after exposure to sunlight?

Only the green areas turn blue-black Signup and view all the answers

How long should a potted plant be kept in darkness before performing the experiment?

3 days Signup and view all the answers

Which solution is used to indicate the presence of starch in the leaf?

Dilute iodine solution Signup and view all the answers

What role do stomata play in plant leaves?

Exchanging gases Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome when a leaf is immersed in boiling water during the experiment?

The leaf becomes translucent Signup and view all the answers

After conducting the starch test, what indicates that chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis?

The green areas contain starch Signup and view all the answers

What is the biological process of removing harmful metabolic wastes from the body called?

Excretion Signup and view all the answers

Which organs are part of the excretory system in human beings?

Kidneys and ureters Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical step to take after boiling the leaf in alcohol?

Immerse it in dilute iodine Signup and view all the answers

Where are the kidneys located in the human body?

In the abdomen near the spine Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the urinary bladder?

Stores urine until release Signup and view all the answers

How is urine produced in the kidneys?

By filtering waste products from blood Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nitrogenous wastes is commonly excreted in urine?

Urea Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method different organisms use to remove wastes?

Simple diffusion Signup and view all the answers

Which process occurs in the mitochondria of human cells?

Aerobic respiration Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the circulatory system in human beings?

Transport of materials Signup and view all the answers

What passes through the ureters after urine is produced in the kidneys?

Urine Signup and view all the answers

What is carried by xylem in plants?

Water and minerals Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the xylem in a plant?

Move water and minerals from the soil Signup and view all the answers

How do roots facilitate the uptake of water from the soil?

By actively taking up ions from the soil Signup and view all the answers

Which component plays a vital role in the digestive process by aiding in the breakdown of food?

Saliva Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the movement of water in the xylem to reach the upper parts of the plant?

Suction from the stomata during transpiration Signup and view all the answers

What are the by-products of aerobic respiration?

Energy, carbon dioxide, and water Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for photosynthesis and the subsequent transport of its products?

Leaves Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes anaerobic respiration?

It does not require oxygen Signup and view all the answers

How do plants typically eliminate waste materials?

By storing them in cell vacuoles or excreting them into soil Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the loss of water vapor from the aerial parts of a plant?

Transpiration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about phloem is true?

It carries photosynthesis products from leaves to other parts. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the nephron's function in human kidneys?

It filters blood and excretes soluble nitrogen compounds Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a plant experiences adequate water supply and sunlight, as demonstrated in the activity with two pots?

Water loss from the leaves is balanced by xylem supply. Signup and view all the answers

What element in plant transport systems creates a continuous channel for water movement?

Conducting tubes Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Photosynthesis Components

Chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis.
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll.
Carbon dioxide is absorbed through stomata on leaves, stems, and roots.
Guard cells control the opening and closing of stomata for gas exchange.
Sunlight is essential for photosynthesis.

Plant Transport Systems

Water and minerals are transported through the xylem.
Products of photosynthesis are transported through the phloem.
Water moves from the soil into the roots due to a difference in ion concentration.
Transpiration, the loss of water vapor from leaves, helps pull water upwards.

Excretion in Humans

Excretion is the removal of harmful metabolic wastes from the body.
The excretory system in humans includes kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
Kidneys filter waste products from blood, producing urine.
Urea and uric acid are nitrogenous waste products removed by the kidneys.

Key Facts

Aerobic respiration creates more energy than anaerobic respiration.
Plants use the vascular tissue, xylem, and phloem for transport.
Plants store waste in vacuoles, gums, and resins.
Fallen leaves can also remove waste products from trees.

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts related to photosynthesis in plants, including the roles of chlorophyll, chloroplasts, and transport systems within plant tissue. It also delves into the human excretory system, focusing on how the body removes metabolic waste. Test your knowledge on these fundamental biological processes!