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Questions and Answers
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
Why is yeast used to make bread rise?
Why is yeast used to make bread rise?
Yeast carries out fermentation, producing ethanol and carbon dioxide
How is mitosis different from meiosis?
How is mitosis different from meiosis?
Meiosis creates sex cells with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell while mitosis creates cells that are exact copies.
What can be altered?
What can be altered?
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What is single stranded?
What is single stranded?
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What contains uracil?
What contains uracil?
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What codes for proteins?
What codes for proteins?
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What percentage of offspring is predicted to be carriers but not manifest the disease in cystic fibrosis?
What percentage of offspring is predicted to be carriers but not manifest the disease in cystic fibrosis?
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What would you expect to happen to a cell in a hypotonic solution?
What would you expect to happen to a cell in a hypotonic solution?
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What is the purpose of phloem tissue in plant stems?
What is the purpose of phloem tissue in plant stems?
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What can physical factors such as temperature and pH affect?
What can physical factors such as temperature and pH affect?
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Which part of a plant's reproductive system is of a different gender?
Which part of a plant's reproductive system is of a different gender?
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What kind of symbiosis exists between a pneumonia bacterium and a human?
What kind of symbiosis exists between a pneumonia bacterium and a human?
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What does the scientific name for a house cat, Felis catus, indicate?
What does the scientific name for a house cat, Felis catus, indicate?
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Beeswax is an example of what kind of molecule?
Beeswax is an example of what kind of molecule?
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What takes place in a lysosome?
What takes place in a lysosome?
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Which organism reproduces via binary fission?
Which organism reproduces via binary fission?
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In which phase of cell division do the chromosomes replicate?
In which phase of cell division do the chromosomes replicate?
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In a strand of DNA, adenine pairs with?
In a strand of DNA, adenine pairs with?
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What is the predicted ratio of offspring with hemophilia from a male with hemophilia and a female carrier?
What is the predicted ratio of offspring with hemophilia from a male with hemophilia and a female carrier?
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What process is represented by the formula 6CO2 + 6H2O => C6H12O6 + 6O2?
What process is represented by the formula 6CO2 + 6H2O => C6H12O6 + 6O2?
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How would you describe the students' measurements with values of 5.14g, 5.16g, and 5.17g if the known mass is 5.30g?
How would you describe the students' measurements with values of 5.14g, 5.16g, and 5.17g if the known mass is 5.30g?
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What is the energy pyramid?
What is the energy pyramid?
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Which is not a step in the water cycle?
Which is not a step in the water cycle?
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Why do we perceive chlorophyll as green?
Why do we perceive chlorophyll as green?
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Why are bacteria and blue-green algae often classified together?
Why are bacteria and blue-green algae often classified together?
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Which molecule contains glucose?
Which molecule contains glucose?
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What conducts water up through the stem of a plant?
What conducts water up through the stem of a plant?
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What are the female parts of a plant?
What are the female parts of a plant?
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What are vascular plants whose seeds have no protective covering?
What are vascular plants whose seeds have no protective covering?
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How do organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis function?
How do organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis function?
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What are infectious organisms that spread disease?
What are infectious organisms that spread disease?
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Which organelle is the site of energy production?
Which organelle is the site of energy production?
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What happens to glucose during glycolysis?
What happens to glucose during glycolysis?
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What process do cells in the tip of a plant's roots undergo to increase in number?
What process do cells in the tip of a plant's roots undergo to increase in number?
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How do RNA and DNA derive their names?
How do RNA and DNA derive their names?
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What is the predicted percentage of disease-free offspring if a disease is carried on the dominant allele?
What is the predicted percentage of disease-free offspring if a disease is carried on the dominant allele?
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If bacteria are placed in a strong solution of salt water, what is this process called?
If bacteria are placed in a strong solution of salt water, what is this process called?
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Which animal has an open transport system?
Which animal has an open transport system?
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How does an enzyme work on a chemical reaction?
How does an enzyme work on a chemical reaction?
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Where is the ovary located in a flowering plant?
Where is the ovary located in a flowering plant?
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What is a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is not affected?
What is a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is not affected?
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What gives the order of four taxonomic categories from least to most specific?
What gives the order of four taxonomic categories from least to most specific?
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Which molecules contain only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?
Which molecules contain only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?
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Which structure is found in protists but not in monerans?
Which structure is found in protists but not in monerans?
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How does yeast reproduce?
How does yeast reproduce?
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What takes place during anaphase?
What takes place during anaphase?
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What is DNA composed of?
What is DNA composed of?
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What are the products of the Krebs cycle?
What are the products of the Krebs cycle?
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What is the Krebs or citric acid cycle the third step of?
What is the Krebs or citric acid cycle the third step of?
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Whose efficiency of energy is greater on the energy pyramid?
Whose efficiency of energy is greater on the energy pyramid?
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What is the function of decomposition in the carbon cycle?
What is the function of decomposition in the carbon cycle?
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Which light color would be most effective for growing green plants indoors?
Which light color would be most effective for growing green plants indoors?
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Which bacteria are spherical in shape?
Which bacteria are spherical in shape?
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What is the term for the breakdown of glycogen into glucose subunits?
What is the term for the breakdown of glycogen into glucose subunits?
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Which organelle provides storage space for the cell?
Which organelle provides storage space for the cell?
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What is a byproduct of fermentation in muscle cells?
What is a byproduct of fermentation in muscle cells?
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In which phase of mitosis do new nuclear membranes form around sets of chromosomes?
In which phase of mitosis do new nuclear membranes form around sets of chromosomes?
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Which names a final step in protein synthesis?
Which names a final step in protein synthesis?
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What are the steps of protein synthesis?
What are the steps of protein synthesis?
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What natural process prevents foods with high salt content from spoiling?
What natural process prevents foods with high salt content from spoiling?
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What is necessary for active transport through a membrane to take place?
What is necessary for active transport through a membrane to take place?
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What are enzymes made from?
What are enzymes made from?
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What is an example of a gymnosperm?
What is an example of a gymnosperm?
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What is a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit?
What is a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit?
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What classification does Dogs belong to in the animal group Carnivora?
What classification does Dogs belong to in the animal group Carnivora?
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What are saturated fats saturated with?
What are saturated fats saturated with?
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What is found in animal cells but not in plant cells?
What is found in animal cells but not in plant cells?
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What is the form of reproduction when ocean waves tear sponges into pieces?
What is the form of reproduction when ocean waves tear sponges into pieces?
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How many pairs of homologous chromosomes do humans have?
How many pairs of homologous chromosomes do humans have?
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What happens to messenger RNA as it reaches the cytoplasm?
What happens to messenger RNA as it reaches the cytoplasm?
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What are the raw materials needed for cellular respiration?
What are the raw materials needed for cellular respiration?
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Which would have the least energy efficiency in nutrient consumption: cow, caterpillar, coyote, or cricket?
Which would have the least energy efficiency in nutrient consumption: cow, caterpillar, coyote, or cricket?
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How do green plants use nitrates in the nitrogen cycle?
How do green plants use nitrates in the nitrogen cycle?
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Which color of light is least effective at driving photosynthesis?
Which color of light is least effective at driving photosynthesis?
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What might be described as a core of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat?
What might be described as a core of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat?
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In contrast to triglycerides, phospholipids lack what component?
In contrast to triglycerides, phospholipids lack what component?
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Which phase is the phase where DNA is replicated?
Which phase is the phase where DNA is replicated?
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What is the growth phase?
What is the growth phase?
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What is the second growth phase where division occurs?
What is the second growth phase where division occurs?
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Study Notes
Protein Synthesis and Cellular Functions
- Ribosomes are the organelles responsible for protein synthesis.
- RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil, unlike DNA.
- The process of glycolysis splits glucose into pyruvic acid.
Reproduction and Genetic Principles
- Meiosis produces sex cells with half the number of chromosomes, while mitosis creates identical daughter cells.
- Hemophilia, a sex-linked trait, shows a predicted ratio of offspring with the disease based on parent genotypes.
- Plants have distinct male (stamen) and female (pistil) reproductive organs.
Plant Biology and Nutrition
- Phloem conducts food through plant stems, while xylem carries water up the plant.
- Photosynthesis can be represented by the equation 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂.
- The role of decomposition in the carbon cycle is to release carbon dioxide back into the environment.
Taxonomy and Classification
- The scientific name of organisms includes genus and species classifications, e.g., Felis catus for house cats.
- Organisms are classified into kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species.
Enzyme Functionality
- Enzyme activity is influenced by physical factors such as temperature and pH, affecting their shape and functioning.
- Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.
Cell Division and Processes
- Interphase is the active phase of cell division where chromosomes replicate.
- Anaphase is when chromosomes separate and migrate to opposite ends of the cell.
- The S phase is characterized by DNA replication.
Cellular Structures and Organelles
- Mitochondria serve as the site of energy production in cells, while vacuoles provide storage.
- The Golgi apparatus is found in protists but not in monerans.
- Lysosomes digest food and break down waste using digestive enzymes.
Energy and Nutrient Cycles
- The energy pyramid illustrates relationships between producers and consumers.
- Gymnosperms have seeds without protective coverings; examples include red cedar and coniferous trees.
- Nitrogen in the soil is utilized by green plants to synthesize proteins.
Membrane Transport and Osmosis
- Active transport requires ATP to move substances across membranes, while osmosis involves the movement of water across semi-permeable membranes.
- Water concentration affects cell behavior, as seen in hypotonic solutions leading to cell swelling.
Symbiotic Relationships
- In symbiosis, mutualism benefits both organisms, while commensalism benefits one without affecting the other. Parasitism benefits one at the expense of the other.
- Bacteria and blue-green algae are classified together as prokaryotes.
Light Absorption and Photosynthesis
- Chlorophyll reflects green light, absorbing primarily blue and red light for photosynthesis.
- The least effective light color for photosynthesis is green.
- Light is necessary for photosynthesis, and blue light is most effective for growing plants indoors.
Evolution and Ecosystem Dynamics
- Fragmentation allows sponges to reproduce asexually when torn into pieces, each developing into a new organism.
- Pathogens are infectious organisms that spread disease.
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Description
This quiz covers fundamental concepts in biology, including protein synthesis, reproductive processes, plant biology, and taxonomy. Test your understanding of how these topics interconnect and their roles in living organisms.
