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Questions and Answers
What is the study of interactions between organisms and their environment?
What is the process by which alleles for different genes separate independently?
What is the term for the physical characteristics of an individual?
What is the study of the structure and function of biomolecules?
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What is the process of Mutation, Gene Flow, Genetic Drift, and Natural Selection?
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What is the study of chemical processes in living organisms?
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Study Notes
Branches of Biology
- Botany: study of plants
- Zoology: study of animals
- Microbiology: study of microorganisms
- Ecology: study of interactions between organisms and their environment
- Genetics: study of heredity and variation
- Biochemistry: study of chemical processes in living organisms
- Molecular Biology: study of structure and function of biomolecules
- Evolutionary Biology: study of evolution and diversity of life
Cell Biology
- Cell Structure: cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes
- Cellular Processes: photosynthesis, respiration, mitosis, meiosis
- Cell Signaling: communication between cells through signals
Genetics
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Mendel's Laws: laws of inheritance
- Law of Segregation: alleles separate during gamete formation
- Law of Independent Assortment: alleles for different genes separate independently
- Law of Dominance: dominant alleles are expressed over recessive alleles
- Genotype: genetic makeup of an individual
- Phenotype: physical characteristics of an individual
Evolution
- Theory of Evolution: species change over time through natural selection and genetic drift
- Mechanisms of Evolution: mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, natural selection
- Evidence for Evolution: fossil record, comparative anatomy, molecular biology
Ecology
- Ecosystem: community of organisms and their environment
- Food Chain: series of organisms that eat other organisms
- Food Web: network of food chains
- Biodiversity: variety of species in an ecosystem
Biotechnology
- Recombinant DNA: DNA from different organisms combined
- Genetic Engineering: manipulation of genes to produce desired traits
- Applications: medicine, agriculture, industry
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Description
Covering the fundamental concepts of biology, including branches, cell biology, genetics, evolution, ecology, and biotechnology. Learn about the different fields of study and key principles in biology.
