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Questions and Answers
What is the direction of water movement in osmosis?
What is the direction of water movement in osmosis?
Osmosis is the movement of water into a cell through a partially permeable membrane.
Osmosis is the movement of water into a cell through a partially permeable membrane.
True
What is the purpose of a vacuole in an amoeba?
What is the purpose of a vacuole in an amoeba?
To remove excess water from the cell by bursting and then reforming.
Cells contain a solution of _______________________ and sugars.
Cells contain a solution of _______________________ and sugars.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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What happens to a plant cell when it is placed in water?
What happens to a plant cell when it is placed in water?
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Animal cells always burst when placed in water due to osmosis.
Animal cells always burst when placed in water due to osmosis.
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What is the main difference between a plant cell and an animal cell in terms of osmosis?
What is the main difference between a plant cell and an animal cell in terms of osmosis?
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When a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, it will _______________________.
When a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, it will _______________________.
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What is the purpose of using a cork borer to cut potato cylinders in an osmosis experiment?
What is the purpose of using a cork borer to cut potato cylinders in an osmosis experiment?
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Study Notes
Osmosis
- Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a partially-permeable membrane.
- A solution with a high concentration of water is called a dilute solution, as it has a low concentration of solute dissolved.
Types of Solutions
- Isotonic solution: A solution with the same water concentration as the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.
- Hypotonic solution: A solution with a higher water concentration than the cell, resulting in water moving into the cell.
- Hypertonic solution: A solution with a lower water concentration than the cell, resulting in water moving out of the cell.
Effects of Osmosis on Cells
- Animal cells: Can burst if they absorb too much water or shrivel if they lose too much water.
- Plant cells: Have a cell wall that prevents them from bursting or shriveling, but can swell and become turgid in a hypotonic solution, or become plasmolysed in a hypertonic solution.
Diffusion
- Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
- Factors that affect diffusion: temperature, surface area, and concentration gradient.
Importance of Diffusion
- Diffusion is important for the movement of substances into and out of cells in animals and plants.
- Examples of diffusion include the movement of oxygen into cells and carbon dioxide out of cells, and the movement of glucose into cells.
Respiration
- Respiration is the process of breaking down glucose to produce energy.
- Word equation for respiration: Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy.
- Respiration is an exothermic reaction.
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Description
Learn about osmosis, the movement of water through a partially-permeable membrane, and the different types of solutions, including isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions.
