10 Questions
What is the direction of water movement in osmosis?
From high to low concentration
Osmosis is the movement of water into a cell through a partially permeable membrane.
True
What is the purpose of a vacuole in an amoeba?
To remove excess water from the cell by bursting and then reforming.
Cells contain a solution of _______________________ and sugars.
salts
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Osmosis = Movement of water through a partially permeable membrane Active Transport = Movement of molecules against their concentration gradient Reabsorption = Movement of water and ions back into the bloodstream
What happens to a plant cell when it is placed in water?
It swells up but does not burst
Animal cells always burst when placed in water due to osmosis.
True
What is the main difference between a plant cell and an animal cell in terms of osmosis?
A plant cell has a cell wall that prevents it from bursting, whereas an animal cell does not have a cell wall and therefore bursts when placed in water.
When a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, it will _______________________.
swell up
What is the purpose of using a cork borer to cut potato cylinders in an osmosis experiment?
To create a uniform size and shape for the potato cylinders
Study Notes
Osmosis
- Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a partially-permeable membrane.
- A solution with a high concentration of water is called a dilute solution, as it has a low concentration of solute dissolved.
Types of Solutions
- Isotonic solution: A solution with the same water concentration as the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.
- Hypotonic solution: A solution with a higher water concentration than the cell, resulting in water moving into the cell.
- Hypertonic solution: A solution with a lower water concentration than the cell, resulting in water moving out of the cell.
Effects of Osmosis on Cells
- Animal cells: Can burst if they absorb too much water or shrivel if they lose too much water.
- Plant cells: Have a cell wall that prevents them from bursting or shriveling, but can swell and become turgid in a hypotonic solution, or become plasmolysed in a hypertonic solution.
Diffusion
- Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
- Factors that affect diffusion: temperature, surface area, and concentration gradient.
Importance of Diffusion
- Diffusion is important for the movement of substances into and out of cells in animals and plants.
- Examples of diffusion include the movement of oxygen into cells and carbon dioxide out of cells, and the movement of glucose into cells.
Respiration
- Respiration is the process of breaking down glucose to produce energy.
- Word equation for respiration: Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy.
- Respiration is an exothermic reaction.
Learn about osmosis, the movement of water through a partially-permeable membrane, and the different types of solutions, including isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions.
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