Biology Osmosis and Solutions

What is the movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration called?

What are the three main types of transport proteins?

What is the type of active transport that moves materials out of the cell called?

Which type of endocytosis is most common?

What is the process called when a cell engulfs large particles such as food, bacteria, etc. into vesicles?

Which of the following is NOT a type of passive transport?

Active transport moves materials from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

Channel proteins can change shape to move materials from one side of the membrane to the other.

What is the function of the Sodium-Potassium Pump?

In an isotonic solution:

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

The movement of materials into the cell by vesicles is called ______.

Which of the following is a type of endocytosis?

Pinocytosis is a type of endocytosis that involves the engulfment of large particles.

Hypertonic Solutions

A solution where the solute concentration is higher than the solute concentration inside a cell.

Isotonic Solutions

A cell at equilibrium.

Hypotonic Solutions

Water moves inside the cell.

Osmosis

The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.

Cytolysis

The destruction of a cell. Cells swell and burst.

Plasmolysis

The shrinking of a cell. Cells shrink and shrivel.

Simple Diffusion

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. No energy required.

Facilitated Diffusion

Uses transport proteins to move molecules from high to low concentration. No energy required.

Channel Proteins

Embedded in the cell membrane with a pore for molecules to pass through.

Carrier Proteins

Change shape to transport molecules across the membrane. Some extend through the membrane, while others don't.

Active Transport

Requires energy (ATP) to move molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration against the concentration gradient.

Exocytosis

Moves materials OUT of the cell via vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.

Endocytosis

Moves molecules INTO the cell by vesicles formed by the cell membrane. Has three types:
Phagocytosis (cell eating) - Engulfs large particles like food, bacteria.
Pinocytosis (cell drinking) - Takes in dissolved molecules.
Receptor-mediated endocytosis - Receptors on the cell membrane recognize specific molecules and take them in.

Cell Eating (Phagocytosis)

Cells engulf large particles, such as food or bacteria, into vesicles.

Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

Some integral proteins have receptors on the surface to recognize and take in hormones, cholesterol, etc.

This quiz covers key concepts related to osmosis and various types of solutions including hypertonic, isotonic, and hypotonic solutions. Understand the processes of diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and the roles of channel and carrier proteins in cellular transport. Test your knowledge on cell behavior in different solution environments.