Biology of Seeds
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the endosperm in a seed?

  • To facilitate seed germination
  • To provide protection to the embryo
  • To store nutrients and energy for the developing plant (correct)
  • To regulate seed dormancy
  • Which type of seed has two cotyledons?

  • Dicot seed (correct)
  • Gymnosperm seed
  • Monocot seed
  • Angiosperm seed
  • What is the first step in the seed germination process?

  • Cotyledon emerges
  • Seed coat breaks
  • Radicle emerges
  • Imbibition (correct)
  • What is the main function of the seed coat?

    <p>To protect the embryo from external damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of seed dormancy?

    <p>Seeds can remain dormant until conditions are favorable for growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main functions of roots in a plant?

    <p>Absorption of water and nutrients from the soil, anchorage of the plant in the soil, storage of food and nutrients, and production of certain hormones that promote growth and development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a taproot and a fibrous root?

    <p>A taproot is a single, main root that grows straight down into the soil, whereas a fibrous root is a network of smaller roots that spread out in all directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of root hairs in a plant?

    <p>To increase the surface area of the root, allowing for more efficient absorption of water and nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epidermis in a root?

    <p>To protect the root from pathogens and water loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of vascular tissue in a root?

    <p>To transport water and nutrients to the rest of the plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are adventitious roots, and where are they often found?

    <p>Adventitious roots are roots that grow from stems or leaves, often found in plants like ivy and cattails</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of pneumatophores in certain plants?

    <p>To allow plants to breathe above the water line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of tubers in certain plants?

    <p>To store food and nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Seeds

    Structure

    • Seed consists of three main parts:
      1. Embryo: miniature plant with root, stem, and leaves
      2. Endosperm: nutrient-rich tissue that provides food for the embryo
      3. Seed coat: protective outer layer

    Functions

    • Reproduction: seeds allow plants to reproduce and disperse
    • Dormancy: seeds can remain dormant until conditions are favorable for growth
    • Storage: seeds store nutrients and energy for the developing plant

    Types of Seeds

    • Monocot seeds: have one cotyledon (seed leaf), e.g. grasses, corn
    • Dicot seeds: have two cotyledons, e.g. beans, peas

    Seed Germination

    • Conditions: seeds require water, oxygen, and suitable temperature to germinate
    • Steps:
      1. Imbibition: seed absorbs water
      2. Seed coat breaks: seed coat cracks open
      3. Radicle emerges: primary root grows out
      4. Cotyledon emerges: seed leaf grows out

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    Description

    Learn about the structure, functions, and types of seeds, as well as the process of seed germination. Understand the role of seeds in plant reproduction and growth.

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