Biology of Human and Plant Emissions

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What is the estimated number of skin cells shed by humans per hour?

1 billion

500 million

100 million

200 million (correct)

How many times do humans breathe on average per day?

15,000 times

10,000 times

20,000 times (correct)

25,000 times

What is a unique property of smell compared to sound and light?

It can travel through a vacuum

It can be measured on a scale

It cannot be measured on a scale (correct)

It can only be detected by humans

Why can some odour sources last a long time?

Because of their physical properties Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of smell and sound communication?

It limits the risks of aggression Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for humans to detect chemicals through smell and taste?

The chemicals must be dissolved in a liquid Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route by which chemicals enter the body to stimulate olfactory nerves?

Through the nose Signup and view all the answers

What is a common function of smell and communication between plants and animals?

Attracting pollinators Signup and view all the answers

What is the average amount of faeces produced by humans per day?

120g Signup and view all the answers

How many hairs do humans lose on average per day?

50-100 hairs Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the vomeronasal organ in mammals?

To distinguish sexual signs Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the sense of smell in dolphins?

They do not have an olfactory nerve Signup and view all the answers

Why do many toxins have a bitter taste?

To avoid ingesting toxins that might harm/kill us Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the turbinal bones in the olfactory recess of dogs?

To increase the surface area for olfaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for chemicals that facilitate communication between animals of the same species?

Pheromones Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the sense of taste in catfish?

They have taste receptors all over their body Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for chemicals that facilitate communication between animals of different species to the advantage of the sender but not the receiver?

Allomones Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the slit running along the side of the nose in some animals?

To minimize disturbance to the molecules being smelled Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the chemical composition of a scent mark changing over time?

Diffusion Signup and view all the answers

How do female mosquitoes confirm the presence of a human before inserting their proboscis?

By detecting lactic acid on skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a scent plume in chemical odor detection?

To spread out with distance from the original source Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of DMS, which contributes to the distinctive smell of seawater?

Phytoplankton Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique ability of elephants regarding food containers?

Identifying the quantity of food Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of social ants rubbing their antennas together?

To confirm species identity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of intraspecific communication in animals?

To convey information about species, social group, and individual identity Signup and view all the answers

Which birds are known to detect carrion by smell?

Turkey vultures Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique ability of migrating salmon?

To identify their natal river by smell Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of detection dogs in animal smell?

Detection of drugs, money, and human trafficking Signup and view all the answers

Which animals are capable of detecting disease in prey?

Wolves Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique feature of puff adders regarding smell?

They are almost undetectable by smell Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why some odour sources can be used to provide information about the subject without the subject being present?

The rate of diffusion of the odour molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the similarity between smell and taste in terms of detection?

Both require chemicals to be dissolved in a liquid Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the molecules released by humans and other organisms?

To unintentionally provide information about the subject Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of smell communication over sound and light communication?

It allows for the detection of a wide range of molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of plants in terms of smell and communication?

They release a wide range of odours for various purposes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route by which chemicals enter the body to stimulate olfactory nerves?

Through the nose Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the turbinal bones in the olfactory recess of dogs?

To increase the surface area for olfactory receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animals uses its feet to taste its food?

Catfish Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated daily production of urine by humans?

0.8-2.0 litres Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the vomeronasal organ in mammals?

To distinguish sexual signs Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the molecules released by humans and other organisms in terms of communication?

To unintentionally provide information about the subject Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between smell and taste in terms of detection?

Smell detects molecules in the air, while taste detects molecules in a liquid Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for chemicals that change over time in a scent mark?

Volatile compounds Signup and view all the answers

Why do many toxins have a bitter taste?

To avoid ingesting toxins that might harm us Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of the sense of smell in terms of detecting information?

It allows for the detection of information without the risk of aggression Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animals is capable of detecting disease in prey?

Not mentioned in the text Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the olfactory epithelium in dogs?

To increase the surface area for olfactory receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for chemicals that facilitate communication between animals of the same species?

Pheromones Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following birds is capable of detecting carrion by smell?

Not mentioned in the text Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the slit running along the side of the nose in some animals?

To minimize disturbance to molecules in front of the nostrils Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible reason why an animal may move in a zig-zag fashion when detecting a scent plume?

To rapidly identify the source of the chemical odor Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of scent marks in locations where conspecifics will find them?

To facilitate intraspecific communication Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of DMS in the smell of seawater?

It is released by phytoplankton when eaten by krill Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the ability of elephants to identify the quantity of food in a container?

They can identify the quantity of food through smell Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of social ants rubbing their antennas together?

To confirm species and colony identification Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique ability of homing pigeons?

They can identify 'landmarks' by smell Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of intraspecific communication in animals?

To communicate species, social group, sex, reproductive status, social status, and individual identity Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using detection dogs in conservation?

They can detect human trafficking Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible reason why migrating salmon can identify their natal river by taste and smell?

They can detect the unique chemical composition of their natal river Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the scent plume in chemical odor detection?

To make the source of the odor harder to locate Signup and view all the answers

Biology of Human and Plant Emissions

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Questions and Answers

What is the estimated number of skin cells shed by humans per hour?

How many times do humans breathe on average per day?

What is a unique property of smell compared to sound and light?

Why can some odour sources last a long time?

What is a benefit of smell and sound communication?

What is necessary for humans to detect chemicals through smell and taste?

What is the primary route by which chemicals enter the body to stimulate olfactory nerves?

What is a common function of smell and communication between plants and animals?

What is the average amount of faeces produced by humans per day?

How many hairs do humans lose on average per day?

What is the function of the vomeronasal organ in mammals?

What is unique about the sense of smell in dolphins?

Why do many toxins have a bitter taste?

What is the function of the turbinal bones in the olfactory recess of dogs?

What is the term for chemicals that facilitate communication between animals of the same species?

What is unique about the sense of taste in catfish?

What is the term for chemicals that facilitate communication between animals of different species to the advantage of the sender but not the receiver?

What is the purpose of the slit running along the side of the nose in some animals?

What is the term for the chemical composition of a scent mark changing over time?

How do female mosquitoes confirm the presence of a human before inserting their proboscis?

What is the primary function of a scent plume in chemical odor detection?

What is the primary source of DMS, which contributes to the distinctive smell of seawater?

What is the unique ability of elephants regarding food containers?

What is the purpose of social ants rubbing their antennas together?

What is the primary function of intraspecific communication in animals?

Which birds are known to detect carrion by smell?

What is the unique ability of migrating salmon?

What is the primary application of detection dogs in animal smell?

Which animals are capable of detecting disease in prey?

What is the unique feature of puff adders regarding smell?

What is the primary reason why some odour sources can be used to provide information about the subject without the subject being present?

What is the similarity between smell and taste in terms of detection?

What is the primary function of the molecules released by humans and other organisms?

What is the advantage of smell communication over sound and light communication?

What is the role of plants in terms of smell and communication?

What is the primary route by which chemicals enter the body to stimulate olfactory nerves?

What is the primary function of the turbinal bones in the olfactory recess of dogs?

Which of the following animals uses its feet to taste its food?

What is the estimated daily production of urine by humans?

What is the primary function of the vomeronasal organ in mammals?

What is the purpose of the molecules released by humans and other organisms in terms of communication?

What is the primary difference between smell and taste in terms of detection?

What is the term for chemicals that change over time in a scent mark?

Why do many toxins have a bitter taste?

What is the benefit of the sense of smell in terms of detecting information?

Which of the following animals is capable of detecting disease in prey?

What is the primary function of the olfactory epithelium in dogs?

What is the term for chemicals that facilitate communication between animals of the same species?

Which of the following birds is capable of detecting carrion by smell?

What is the primary function of the slit running along the side of the nose in some animals?

What is a possible reason why an animal may move in a zig-zag fashion when detecting a scent plume?

What is the primary function of scent marks in locations where conspecifics will find them?

What is the role of DMS in the smell of seawater?

What is unique about the ability of elephants to identify the quantity of food in a container?

What is the purpose of social ants rubbing their antennas together?

What is the unique ability of homing pigeons?

What is the primary function of intraspecific communication in animals?

What is the benefit of using detection dogs in conservation?

What is a possible reason why migrating salmon can identify their natal river by taste and smell?

What is the primary function of the scent plume in chemical odor detection?

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