Biology of Flagella and Trypanosoms

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of Ciliata?

To move using pseudopodia

To move using cilia (correct)

To move using flagella

To move using chromosomes

What is the term for the hair-like structures that help in movement?

Microtubules

Flagella

Pseudopodia

Cilia (correct)

What is the main difference between flagella and cilia?

Flagella are shorter than cilia

Flagella are found in eukaryotes, while cilia are found in prokaryotes

Flagella are used for sensing, while cilia are used for movement

Flagella are longer than cilia (correct)

What is the term for the group of organisms that move using cilia?

Ciliates Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of flagella in cells?

To move the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi?

Chagas disease Signup and view all the answers

Which Trypanosoma species is responsible for causing sleeping sickness?

Trypanosoma brucei Signup and view all the answers

In which region of the world is Trypanosoma brucei found?

On both sides of the equator Signup and view all the answers

What is the other name for the disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei?

Sleeping sickness Signup and view all the answers

How many species of Trypanosoma are known to infect humans?

Two Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the stage of the Trypanosoma parasite that is found in the insect vector?

Promastigote Signup and view all the answers

What is the other name for Trypanosomiasis?

Sleeping disease Signup and view all the answers

In which year was the Gambian sleeping sickness first identified?

1901 Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the parasite that causes Trypanosomiasis?

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense Signup and view all the answers

What region is most affected by Trypanosomiasis?

Mid-Africa Signup and view all the answers

What is the local name for Trypanosomiasis in Arabic?

س ج ه اججلط طلي فيججا بججا ام ججم ججم Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of G.palpalis and G.morsitans in the life cycle?

To transmit disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the hair-like structures in the life cycle?

They aid in the transmission of disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the stage of the life cycle involving G.palpalis and G.morsitans?

Disease transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the hair-like structures and the life cycle?

They are essential for disease transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the life cycle in the context of disease transmission?

It facilitates disease transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum?

Malaria Maligna Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Plasmodium is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito?

Sporozoite Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary location where Plasmodium parasites multiply in the human body?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of malaria caused by Plasmodium?

Malaria Septima Signup and view all the answers

What is the final host of the Plasmodium parasite?

Anopheles mosquito Signup and view all the answers

How many species of Plasmodium are mentioned in the text?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of Plasmodium that infects the liver?

Sporozoite Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by Cryptosporidium?

Cryptosporidiosis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Flagella and Ciliata

Ciliata move using flagella.
Promastigote is a type of flagellum.

Trypanosoms

There are two main types of Trypanosoms that infect humans:
- Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, which cause African sleeping sickness.
- Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes Chagas disease.

Trypanosoma brucei

Found on both sides of the equator, with two subspecies: Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.
Causes African sleeping sickness, also known as Trypanosomiasis.

Trypanosoma gambiense

Found in Mid-African region, causing Gambian sleeping sickness.
First identified in 1901.

Life Cycle of Trypanosoma

The parasite multiplies in the salivary glands of tsetse flies (G. palpalis, G. morsitans, and G. Cryptosporidium).
The parasite is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected tsetse fly.

Toxoplasma

A type of Sporozoa that infects different body organs.
Causes Toxoplasmosis.

Malaria

Caused by the parasite Plasmodium.
There are four main species of Plasmodium:
- Plasmodium vivax, which causes benign tertian malaria.
- Plasmodium falciparum, which causes malignant malaria.
- Plasmodium malariae, which causes benign quartan malaria.
- Plasmodium ovale, which causes ovale malaria.

Life Cycle of Plasmodium

The parasite has two stages in its life cycle:
- A sexual stage that occurs in the human host (intermediate host).
- A sexual stage that occurs in the female Anopheles mosquito (definitive host).
The asexual stage occurs in the human host (intermediate host).
The parasite is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito.

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Description

Learn about the characteristics and types of flagella, including Ciliata and Trypanosoms, and their role in human diseases such as African sleeping sickness and Chagas disease.