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Biology Ms. Lambert-Peloquin Study Guide: Protein Synthesis

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

tRNA translates the mRNA sequence into proteins
tRNA is responsible for replicating DNA during cell division
tRNA transcribes the DNA sequence into mRNA
tRNA carries amino acids to the mRNA and helps assemble them into the correct sequence (correct)

If the DNA sequence is ATCCCATGGCTAC, what would be the corresponding mRNA sequence?

UAGGGUACCGAUG (correct)
AUGGGUCCGAUG
AUGGGUCCGAUGC
UAGGGUCCGAUG

Where does the process of translation occur within the cell?

Ribosome (correct)
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum

What is the primary function of mRNA in protein synthesis?

To carry genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a protein found in the human body?

Enzymes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between transcription and translation in protein synthesis?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a difference between gene and chromosomal mutations?

Gene mutations are more likely to be inherited than chromosomal mutations. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why frameshift mutations are considered more harmful than point mutations?

Frameshift mutations are more likely to result in a non-functional or altered protein. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of chromosomal mutation?

Substitution (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a repressor in gene expression?

To prevent transcription of a gene by binding to the operator region. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about gene expression is correct?

Differential gene expression is responsible for cell differentiation. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the existence of different cell types within an organism?

Different cell types express different sets of genes. (D) Signup and view all the answers

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