Unit B Review Matching

Urea = Ammonia turned into Urea in the liver. Urea is waste (main ingredient of urine) Excretion = Removal of waste from the body Platelets = Blood Clotting Neuron = Nerve Cell

CNS = Brain and spinal cord PNS = Peripheral nerves including cranial and spinal nerves Motor Neuron = Sends signals (from CNS to Muscles and Organs) Sensory Neuron = Sends signals (from senses to CNS)

Asthma = Condition where air passages narrow causing difficulty to breathe Bronchitis = Mucus in the air passages builds up causing difficulty to breathe Emphysema = Inflation of alveoli reducing lung capacity makes it difficult to breathe Atherosclerosis = Build-up of cholesterol in arteries creating partial or full blockage disrupting blood flow

<p>Cerebrum = Thoughts Cerebellum = Balance Medulla = Heart Rate Interneuron = Thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vaccine = Body builds up an immunity to the dead or mild form of the disease and then remains immune to the actual disease Nephron = Working unit of the kidney that filters/cleans the blood Cranial and Spinal Nerves = Part of the peripheral nervous system Carry O2 = Function of red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Made of cells = All living things are made up of one or more cells. Need Energy = Living things require energy to carry out life processes. Grow and develop = Living things increase in size and complexity over time. Reproduce = Living things produce offspring to ensure the continuation of their species. Respond to the environment = Living things react to changes in their surroundings. Have adaptations for their environment = Living things possess features that help them survive in their specific environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structural Adaptation = A physical feature of an organism that helps it survive in its environment. Example of a structural adaptation = The thick fur of a polar bear helps it stay warm in cold climates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Skin = Protects the body from injury and infection. Liver = Filters blood and produces bile. Heart = Pumps blood throughout the body. Lungs = Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fish = Gills Mammals/Birds = Lungs Insects = Spiracles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells = The basic unit of life. Tissues = Groups of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. Organs = Structures made up of different tissues that work together. Organ systems = Groups of organs that work together to perform a complex function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amoeba = Pseudopods Paramecium = Cilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffusion = The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Osmosis = The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water moves from a high concentration of water to a low concentration of water = Water moves from a hypotonic solution to a hypertonic solution Water moves from a low concentration of water to a high concentration of water = Water moves from a hypertonic solution to a hypotonic solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrochloric acid (HCl) = Activates pepsin and kills bacteria Mucus = Protects stomach lining from acid Pepsin = Breaks down proteins Water = Dissolves food and helps enzymes work</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complex Carbohydrates (Starch) = Sugar Lipids (fats) = Fatty acids Proteins = Amino acids Vitamins and Minerals = Vitamins and Minerals (molecules)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bromothymol blue solution turns from blue to green to yellow = Exhaled air contains carbon dioxide (CO2) The diaphragm contracts = Air is drawn into the lungs The diaphragm relaxes = Air is expelled from the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right Atrium = Receives deoxygenated blood from the body Right Ventricle = Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs Left Atrium = Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs Left Ventricle = Pumps oxygenated blood to the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arteries = Carry blood away from the heart, thicker walls, higher pressure Veins = Carry blood towards the heart, thinner walls, have valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capillaries and Body Cells = Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and cells Capillaries and Alveoli = Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and air in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Osmosis = Movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration Hypertonic Solution = Solution with a higher concentration of solutes than the cell, causing water to move out of the cell Hypotonic Solution = Solution with a lower concentration of solutes than the cell, causing water to move into the cell Isotonic Solution = Solution with the same concentration of solutes as the cell, no net movement of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

Six traits that define living organisms, including made of cells and the ability to reproduce.

The concept that the shape of a body part determines its role in an organism.

A physical change in a species that enhances survival in its environment.

Structures that help organisms exchange gases: gills for fish, lungs for mammals/birds, and spiracles for insects.

Unicellular organisms consist of one cell, while multicellular organisms are made of many cells.

The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane.

Amoebas move using extensions of their cell membrane called pseudopods.

Tissue that transports water from roots to other plant parts.

Tissue that transports food from leaves to the rest of the plant.

Physical breakdown of food, like chewing.

Breakdown of food by chemical reactions (acids and enzymes).

Includes HCl, mucus, enzymes (pepsin), and water.

Small projections in the small intestine that increase nutrient absorption.

Arteries carry blood away from the heart; veins carry blood to the heart.

Occurs in capillaries and alveoli in the lungs.

Platelets help in blood clotting to stop bleeding.

Urea is a waste product formed from ammonia in the liver; it's the main ingredient in urine.

Nephrons filter and cleanse blood in the kidneys.

Motor, sensory, and interneurons transmit signals in the nervous system.

The brain has three main sections: cerebrum, cerebellum, and medulla, each serving unique functions.