Biomolecules

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of lipids in the body?

  • Cell signaling
  • Short term energy storage
  • Long term energy storage (correct)
  • Protein synthesis

What is the sugar molecule found in RNA?

  • Fructose
  • Glucose
  • Ribose (correct)
  • Deoxyribose

What is the type of bond that links nucleotides together in a nucleic acid?

  • Peptide bond
  • Hydrogen bond
  • Phosphodiester bond (correct)
  • Glycosidic bond

Which of the following nitrogenous bases is found in both DNA and RNA?

<p>Guanine (D)</p>
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What is the function of phospholipids in the body?

<p>Major component of membranes (B)</p>
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What is the central molecule in a nucleotide?

<p>Pentose sugar (B)</p>
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Which of the following amino acids is classified as essential?

<p>Phenylalanine (A)</p>
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What is the term for the sugar molecule that makes up the backbone of DNA?

<p>Pentose sugar (C)</p>
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What is the distance between each turn of the double helix model of DNA?

<p>3.4 nm (D)</p>
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What is the term for the bonding between two strands of DNA?

<p>Complementary base pairing (C)</p>
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Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

<p>Amino acid (B)</p>
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What is the characteristic of Z-DNA?

<p>Left-handed coiling with 12 base pairs (C)</p>
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What is the ratio of purines to pyrimidines in a DNA molecule according to Chargaff's rule?

<p>Purines = Pyrimidines (B)</p>
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What is the percentage of total cellular RNA that is composed of messenger RNA (m-RNA)?

<p>5% (C)</p>
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What is the general structure of an amino acid?

<p>Four substituent groups occupying the four valency positions (A)</p>
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What is the carboxyl group in an amino acid?

<p>COOH (C)</p>
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Which of the following RNA types does not follow Chargaff's rule?

<p>RNA in general (B)</p>
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What is the general formula of carbohydrates?

<p>Cn(H2O)n (C)</p>
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What is the minimum number of carbon atoms required in a carbohydrate molecule?

<p>3 (D)</p>
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What is the type of monosaccharide that has 6 carbon atoms?

<p>Hexose (A)</p>
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Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?

<p>Glycogen (D)</p>
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What is the functional group present in aldehyde carbohydrates?

<p>CHO (B)</p>
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Which of the following is a type of monosaccharide that is classified as a ketose?

<p>Fructose (B)</p>
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What is the characteristic of starch?

<p>Highly branched (D)</p>
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What is the function of glycogen?

<p>Food reserve in animals (B)</p>
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What is the monomeric unit of inulin?

<p>Fructose (D)</p>
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What is the characteristic of cellulose?

<p>Made up of same monomeric units (C)</p>
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What is the characteristic of chitin?

<p>A structural polysaccharide (B)</p>
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What is the primary function of ATP in the cell?

<p>To provide energy for the cell (D)</p>
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What is the main difference between primary and secondary metabolites?

<p>Primary metabolites are involved in growth and development, while secondary metabolites are involved in defense and adaptation (B)</p>
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Which of the following amino acids is classified as semi-essential?

<p>Arginine (D)</p>
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What is the main difference between simple and compound lipids?

<p>Simple lipids are composed of a glycerol molecule and one or more fatty acid chains, while compound lipids are composed of a glycerol molecule and other molecules such as phosphates or carbohydrates (B)</p>
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Which of the following is an example of a complex carbohydrate?

<p>Cellulose (B)</p>
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What is the primary function of ligases in the cell?

<p>To build molecules (D)</p>
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