Biology Lab Safety and Equipment Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What type of solution causes water to move into the cell due to a lower concentration of dissolved substances?

Saturated solution

Hypertonic solution

Hypotonic solution (correct)

Isotonic solution

Cells placed in a hypertonic solution will most likely:

Undergo division

Remain unchanged

Swell

Shrivel (correct)

The movement of particles from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration requires:

Simple diffusion

Active transport (correct)

Passive transport

Facilitated diffusion

Simple diffusion is a type of transport that is characterized as:

Passive transport Signup and view all the answers

Which process describes the cell's intake of material by forming a vacuole?

Endocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary product of the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly identifies the cells that regulate the opening and closing of stomata?

Guard cells Signup and view all the answers

In photosynthesis, besides oxygen, what is the other essential gas involved in the process?

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

How do the products of photosynthesis relate to the reactants of cellular respiration?

The products of one serve as the reactants for the other. Signup and view all the answers

Why must heterotrophs eat food?

To obtain glucose for cellular respiration. Signup and view all the answers

What is dehydration synthesis primarily involved in?

Building macromolecules by removing water. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes mitosis from meiosis?

Mitosis results in diploid cells, while meiosis produces haploid cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key problem with the general use of the term 'theory' in non-scientific contexts?

It is often accepted as a fact. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding lab safety regulations?

Students must leave personal items outside the classroom. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the processes of cellular respiration?

It is a process that requires both glucose and oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

How many rounds of cell division occur during meiosis?

Two rounds Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of mitosis?

To produce 2 genetically identical cells Signup and view all the answers

During meiosis II, how many genetically different cells are produced?

4 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell division produces gametes?

Meiosis Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are produced through oogenesis?

Egg cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic inherited from parents?

Traits Signup and view all the answers

The genetic makeup of an organism is called its?

Genotype Signup and view all the answers

Who is recognized as the father of modern genetics?

Gregor Mendel Signup and view all the answers

What is used to predict genetic variations?

Punnett square Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the liquid portion of a chloroplast that plays a role in photosynthesis?

Stroma Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fermentation does the human body undergo?

Lactic acid Signup and view all the answers

In which sequence do these processes occur: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain?

Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain Signup and view all the answers

Which metabolism stage is common to both aerobic and anaerobic processes?

Glycolysis Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

23 pairs Signup and view all the answers

What happens during anaphase of mitosis?

Chromosomes separate and move toward opposite poles Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells undergo meiosis?

Gametes Signup and view all the answers

What process allows organisms to generate genetic diversity?

Meiosis Signup and view all the answers

Which elements are the four most common in living organisms?

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particles are located inside the atomic nucleus?

Proton, Neutron Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle is primarily responsible for making chemical bonds?

Electron Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic number of an atom that has 2 protons?

2 Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons?

Covalent Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall charge of an atom with an equal number of protons and electrons?

Neutral Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of a negatively charged ion?

Anion Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed when sodium attracts to chlorine ions in sodium chloride?

Ionic Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following lab safety equipment should you always know the location of?

Fire extinguisher Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct action to take if you accidentally cut yourself in the biology lab?

Apply pressure and seek medical attention if severe Signup and view all the answers

In terms of pH levels, how does a solution of pH 2 compare to a solution of pH 0?

100 times more acidic Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding the properties of life is not true?

All organisms perform photosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a control group in an experiment?

To provide a basis for comparison with the experimental group Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particles are found outside the atomic nucleus?

Electrons Signup and view all the answers

How should you dispose of used matches in the lab?

Place them in a container of water Signup and view all the answers

Arrange the following biological organization levels from smallest to largest: ecosystem, molecule, community, organ, organ system, organism, population, cell, tissue.

Molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Unit 1: Laboratory General Procedures, Safety, Emergency Procedures and Biology Lab Equipment

Lab Equipment Identification: Use the provided letter codes to identify lab equipment (e.g., Beaker = A, Forceps = C).
Safety Procedures: Always know the location and use of safety equipment (safety shower, eye wash, fire extinguisher).
Sharp Instrument Safety: Direct sharp instruments away from yourself and others.
First Aid for Cuts: If cut in biology lab, apply direct pressure to the cut and seek immediate medical attention (severe or non-severe).
Reporting Accidents: Report any accident, breakage, or procedure error immediately to the teacher.
Disposal of Used Matches: Place used matches in a water-filled container, never in a waste container.

Unit 2: The Science and Chemistry of Life

Relative Acidity: pH 2 solution is 100 times more acidic than a pH 0 solution.
Biological Scale: Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, and ecosystems arranged from smallest to largest.
Characteristics of Life (False Statement): All organisms maintain a constant internal temperature.
Control in Experiment: The control group provides a basis for comparison with experimental groups.
Common Elements in Living Organisms: Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen.
Subatomic Particles Inside Nucleus: Protons and neutrons.
Chemical Bonds: Electrons participate in chemical bonds.
Specific Atomic Information (Mass and Number): Details for atoms with 2 protons, 2 neutrons, and 2 electrons.

Unit 3: Biochemistry-Essential Compounds

Macromolecules: Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins.
Polymer Formation: Dehydration synthesis involves removing water to form a polymer, while hydrolysis adds water to break down a polymer.
Monomer Units: Carbohydrates are made up of monosaccharides, nucleic acids from nucleotides, and proteins from amino acids.
Lipid Composition: Nucleotides do not contain lipids.
Main Functions of Biomolecules: Carbohydrates provide short-term energy, proteins build structures, and lipids form cell membranes while providing short-term energy storage.

Unit 4: Cell Structure, Function, and the Microscope

Cell Types: Bacteria are prokaryotic, while plant and animal cells are eukaryotic.
Organelle Functions: Mitochondria conduct cell respiration.
Microscopes: Use of specific microscope parts, like revolving nosepiece, objective lenses (scanning, low, high power), illuminator and course, fine adjustment knobs.
Objective Lens: Scanning lens provides widest viewing angle.
Cell Organelles: Golgi, lysosomes, ER, peroxisomes are membrane bound organelles involved in waste removal, signaling, and metabolism.
Microscopes: The ocular and objective lenses work together to magnify the image.
Cell Features: Cells contain membrane-bound organelles and have a nucleus.

Unit 5: Homeostasis and Cell Transport

Plasma Membrane: The plasma membrane is selectively permeable, allowing certain substances to cross more easily than others.
Solutions:
- Hypotonic: Water flows into cell (cell swells).
- Hypertonic: Water flows out of cell (cell shrinks/ shrivels).
- Isotonic: Water flows in and out equally (no change).
Transport Types: Active transport requires energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient; passive transport does not.
Transport Processes:
- Passive Transport: Diffusion, facilitated diffusion.
- Active Transport: Endocytosis, exocytosis.

Units 6 and 7 : Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis Equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + Light → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Cellular Respiration Equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Photosynthesis Locations: Chloroplasts (thylakoid membrane, stroma).
Cellular Respiration Location: Mitochondria.
Fermentation Types: Alcoholic, lactic acid.

Units 8 and 9: Cell Reproduction and Modern Genetics

Meiosis: Cell division that produces genetically diverse daughter cells (gametes).
Mitosis: Cell division that produces identical daughter cells (somatic cells).
Nondisjunction: The failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis.
Phases of Mitosis: Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Phases of Meiosis: Distinct stages in meiosis, focusing on prophase I, anaphase I and II.
Genetic diversity: Meiosis produces gametes (haploid cells).

Supplementary Information

Punnett Square: A tool for predicting possible genotypes of offspring.
Cell Theory: The three components of the cell theory: Cells are the basic unit of life, all organisms are composed of cells, and all cells come from preexisting cells.
Observable Characters: Genotype represents the genetic makeup/information, while phenotype refers to observable traits/characteristics.
Scientific Method: Concepts related to the scientific method, hypothesis and law.

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Description

Test your knowledge on laboratory general procedures, safety protocols, and equipment identification essential for biology labs. This quiz covers crucial safety measures, first aid responses, and understanding the science behind biological processes. Ensure you're prepared for safety in the lab environment!