Biology: Idiopathic Diseases and Free Radicals
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Questions and Answers

What is the meaning of 'idiopathy'?

  • A disease caused by injury
  • A disease of its own kind (correct)
  • A disease caused by bacteria
  • A disease caused by viruses
  • What is the characteristic of free radicals?

  • They have a stable number of outer shell electrons
  • They are atoms that contain oxygen
  • They have an unpaired electron (correct)
  • They are molecules that contain hydrogen
  • What is a major risk factor for cerebral palsy?

  • Lack of exercise
  • Genetic mutations
  • Maternal infections (correct)
  • Prolonged labor
  • What is the name of the malarial parasite?

    <p>Plasmodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of chronic inflammation?

    <p>Healing by fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of negative feedback in inflammation?

    <p>Resolution of inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate number of children affected by cerebral palsy?

    <p>800,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can help prevent cerebral palsy?

    <p>Monitoring and treating maternal infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Idiopathy

    • Idiopathy means "a disease of its own kind" and refers to any disease or condition that arises spontaneously or for which the cause is unknown.
    • Originates from the Greek words "idios" meaning "one's own" and "pathos" meaning "suffering".

    Feedback

    • Negative feedback: no clear explanation provided.
    • Positive feedback: no clear explanation provided.

    Free Radicals

    • Free radicals are atoms that contain an unpaired electron.
    • They are unstable and search for another electron to bind with, which can cause damage to DNA and other parts of human cells.
    • Can lead to brain injury in Cerebral palsy (CP).

    Cerebral Palsy (CP)

    • Affects around 800,000 children.
    • Could have been eliminated with preventative measures, such as:
      • Monitoring, diagnosing, and treating maternal infections.
      • Carrying out Caesarian sections if necessary.
      • Identifying and treating prolapsed umbilical cord.

    Protozoa

    • Example: Malarial parasites (Plasmodium).
    • Life cycle of malarial parasite not explained.

    Inflammation

    • Inflammation can be acute or chronic.
    • Acute inflammation can lead to:
      • Resolution.
      • Abscess formation.
    • Chronic inflammation can lead to:
      • Healing by fibrosis.
      • Persistence.

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    Description

    Learn about idiopathic diseases, which arise spontaneously or have unknown causes, and free radicals, atoms with unpaired electrons seeking to bind with others.

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