Biology: Genetic Instructions and Protein Synthesis

Which part of the male reproductive system is responsible for temporarily storing sperm?

Epididymis

What is the primary function of Leydig cells in the male reproductive system?

Produce the hormone testosterone

Which part of the female reproductive system is responsible for the monthly shedding of the uterine lining?

Uterus

What is the average length of time it takes for a sperm cell to develop?

65-75 days Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone plays a role in regulating the production of testosterone by Leydig cells?

Luteinizing hormone (LH) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate number of sperm cells produced by the male reproductive system each day?

300 million Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system after a crisis or danger has passed?

Calming the body by slowing heart and breathing rates, resuming digestion, and contracting pupils Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of DNA?

Containing the instructions for producing proteins that determine cellular structure and function Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct order of the central dogma of protein synthesis?

Replication, Transcription, Translation Signup and view all the answers

During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for breaking the bonds between nitrogenous bases, allowing the DNA strands to separate?

Helicase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between DNA and RNA in terms of their nucleotide composition?

RNA contains uracil instead of thymine Signup and view all the answers

Which process of protein synthesis involves the direct production of proteins from the instructions encoded in RNA?

Translation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosomes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the codon AUG in protein synthesis?

AUG codes for the amino acid methionine and marks the start of translation. Signup and view all the answers

According to the theory of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin, how do organisms acquire new traits?

Organisms acquire new traits through natural selection of small, inherited variations. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system?

To regulate the body's response to stress and prepare it for action. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of DNA replication in the cell?

DNA replication duplicates the genetic material before cell division. Signup and view all the answers