Podcast
Questions and Answers
An Okazaki fragment has which of the following arrangements?
An Okazaki fragment has which of the following arrangements?
- 5ʹ DNA to 3ʹ
- 3ʹ RNA nucleotides, DNA nucleotides 5ʹ
- 5ʹ RNA nucleotides, DNA nucleotides 3ʹ (correct)
- primase, polymerase, ligase
- DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase III
What is meant by the description 'antiparallel' regarding the strands that make up DNA?
What is meant by the description 'antiparallel' regarding the strands that make up DNA?
- Base pairings create unequal spacing between the two DNA strands.
- One strand contains only purines and the other contains only pyrimidines.
- The twisting nature of DNA creates nonparallel strands.
- One strand is positively charged and the other is negatively charged.
- The 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction of one strand runs counter to the 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction of the other strand. (correct)
Which of the following investigators was/were responsible for the discovery that in DNA from any species, the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosine?
Which of the following investigators was/were responsible for the discovery that in DNA from any species, the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosine?
- Frederick Griffith
- Erwin Chargaff (correct)
- Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
- Oswald Avery, Maclyn McCarty, and Colin MacLeod
- Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl
What is the basis for the difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized?
What is the basis for the difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized?
In analyzing the number of different bases in a DNA sample, which result would be consistent with the base-pairing rules?
In analyzing the number of different bases in a DNA sample, which result would be consistent with the base-pairing rules?
The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis
The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis
Which of the following can be determined directly from X-ray diffraction photographs of crystallized DNA?
Which of the following can be determined directly from X-ray diffraction photographs of crystallized DNA?
What determines the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized strand during DNA replication?
What determines the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized strand during DNA replication?
What is the function of DNA polymerase III?
What is the function of DNA polymerase III?
Study Notes
Okazaki Fragments
- Okazaki fragments consist of 5ʹ RNA nucleotides followed by DNA nucleotides oriented 3ʹ.
Antiparallel Strands
- The antiparallel nature of DNA means one strand runs from 5ʹ to 3ʹ while the complementary strand runs from 3ʹ to 5ʹ.
Chargaff's Rule
- Erwin Chargaff discovered that in all species, the amount of adenine (A) equals thymine (T) and guanine (G) equals cytosine (C).
Leading vs. Lagging Strands
- The distinction between leading and lagging strands arises because DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the 3ʹ end of a DNA strand.
Base-Pairing Rules
- The analysis of DNA bases shows that the sum of adenine (A) and guanine (G) equals the sum of cytosine (C) and thymine (T), indicating complementary base pairing.
Elongation of Leading Strand
- The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis depends on the action of DNA polymerase.
X-Ray Diffraction
- X-ray diffraction photographs of crystallized DNA can directly reveal the diameter of the DNA helix.
Nucleotide Sequence Determination
- The nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized DNA strand during replication is determined by the sequence of the template strand.
Function of DNA Polymerase III
- DNA polymerase III is responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing end of a DNA strand during replication.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge of DNA structure and replication with these flashcards focused on Chapter 16. Each card presents key concepts and definitions to help you prepare for your biology final exam. Ideal for reviewing important topics before the big test.
