Biology: Evolution and Species
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of genes in a living creature?

  • To pass on the DNA to offspring
  • To carry life information and determine characteristics and traits (correct)
  • To control the mutation of DNA
  • To determine the direction of anatomical structures

    • What is the process called when an individual is subjected to factors such as predators, parasites, and changes in habitat?

  • Mutation
  • Recombination
  • Hereditary
  • Natural Selection (correct)

    • What is the term for the direction towards the head?

  • Posterior
  • Anterior
  • Superior (correct)
  • Inferior

    • What is the result of excess production of offspring?

    <p>More differences between offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the direction towards the midline of the body?

    <p>Medial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when the DNA of two creatures is randomly mixed?

    <p>Recombination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the direction towards the surface of the body?

    <p>Superficial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a copying error within the DNA?

    <p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the direction further to the back?

    <p>Posterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cells in a living creature?

    <p>To make up the structure of the creature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Evolution

    • Develops the diversity of life on earth
    • Explains how different species emerged

    Species

    • A community of animals that can produce offspring with one another
    • Members may resemble each other in appearance but have different traits and characteristics
    • Each species has unique DNA

    Cells and DNA

    • Every creature is made up of cells
    • Cells have a nucleus containing chromosomes, which hold DNA
    • DNA consists of different genes that carry life information
    • Genes determine characteristics and traits of a living creature

    Creation of DNA

    • Excess production of offspring leads to more differences
    • Heredity: passing of DNA to offspring
    • Recombination: random mixing of DNA from two creatures
    • Mutation: random change in DNA, which can be negative (illnesses or cancer) or positive/neutral (e.g., blue eye color)

    Keywords

    • Random: all evolutionary processes are based on chance
    • Selection: each individual undergoes natural selection due to factors like predators, parasites, toxins, habitat changes, and climate

    Anatomical Directional Terms

    • Used to minimize confusion when discussing body areas
    • Anatomical Position: face forward, arms at sides, palms forward, and feet forward

    Directional Terms

    • Superior: toward the head or upper part of the body
    • Inferior: toward the feet or lower part of the body
    • Posterior: further back or dorsal
    • Anterior: further front or ventral
    • Medial: toward the midline of the body
    • Lateral: toward the side of the body
    • Proximal: closer to the axial body or trunk
    • Distal: further from the axial body or trunk
    • Superficial: closer to the surface of the body
    • Deep: further from the surface of the body

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    Description

    This quiz covers the basics of evolution, species, and cells, including the diversity of life, characteristics of species, and the structure of cells.

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