Questions and Answers
What does the structure of a DNA molecule resemble?
What are the four kinds of nitrogen bases found in DNA?
Adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine
Adenine (A) pairs with cytosine (C) in DNA.
False
Describe the process of DNA replication.
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What happens to nitrogen bases during DNA replication?
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What are the two sides of the DNA ladder made from?
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Study Notes
Structure of DNA
- DNA resembles a twisted ladder or spiral staircase, indicating its helical structure.
- The sides of the DNA ladder consist of deoxyribose sugar molecules alternating with phosphate molecules.
Nitrogen Bases
- DNA comprises four nitrogen bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).
- Each base is represented by its capital letter: A, T, G, C.
Base Pairing Rules
- Adenine exclusively pairs with thymine (A-T), while guanine pairs with cytosine (G-C).
DNA Replication Process
- DNA replication starts with the unwinding and separation of the DNA strands, similar to the action of a zipper.
- Free nitrogen bases in the nucleus align with the complementary bases on each half of the unzipped DNA.
- The order of nitrogen bases in the new DNA strands mirrors that of the original DNA, ensuring genetic fidelity.
Formation of New DNA Molecules
- After base pairing, new bases attach to form two identical DNA molecules, retaining the sequence from the original strand.
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Description
Explore the structure and replication process of DNA in this quiz. Understand the helical nature of DNA, the nitrogen bases involved, and the base pairing rules. Test your knowledge on how DNA molecules are formed during replication.
