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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
- To absorb water from undigested food
- To break down food into nutrients for energy and growth (correct)
- To regulate metabolism and hormone levels
- To transport nutrients throughout the body
What process moves chewed food down the esophagus?
What process moves chewed food down the esophagus?
- Segmentation
- Peristalsis (correct)
- Absorption
- Digestion
Which component begins the digestion of carbohydrates?
Which component begins the digestion of carbohydrates?
- Acid in the stomach
- Digestive enzymes from the pancreas
- Saliva mixed with food in the mouth (correct)
- Bile produced by the liver
What is chyme?
What is chyme?
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Where does most digestion and nutrient absorption occur?
Where does most digestion and nutrient absorption occur?
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Study Notes
Overview of the Digestive System
- The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients essential for energy, growth, and cell repair.
Mouth
- Digestion begins with chewing food, mixing it with saliva which contains enzymes to initiate carbohydrate breakdown.
Esophagus
- The chewed food travels to the stomach via the esophagus, a muscular tube, through peristaltic movements that propel the food downward.
Stomach
- The stomach secretes gastric acid and digestive enzymes to convert food into a semi-liquid substance known as chyme.
- Churning motions within the stomach mix food with digestive juices for enhanced breakdown.
Small Intestine
- Most digestion and nutrient absorption occur in the small intestine after chyme passes from the stomach.
- The pancreas produces enzymes while the liver produces bile, both crucial for digesting fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.
- The small intestine comprises three sections:
- Duodenum (first part)
- Jejunum (middle section)
- Ileum (final segment)
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