Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following characteristics correctly describes chloroplasts?
Which of the following characteristics correctly describes chloroplasts?
- Found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
- Are surrounded by a double membrane.
- Likely evolved from archaea.
- Are only found in eukaryotic cells. (correct)
- Use chemical energy to produce solar energy.
Two molecules are joined to form a larger macromolecule. Which statement accurately reflects this process?
Two molecules are joined to form a larger macromolecule. Which statement accurately reflects this process?
- The reaction decreases the entropy of the cell.
- The reaction is likely a hydrolysis reaction.
- Energy is released by the reaction.
- Water is consumed in the reaction.
- The reaction is anabolic. (correct)
What are the main functions of intermediate filaments within a cell?
What are the main functions of intermediate filaments within a cell?
- Help distribute chromosomes during cell division.
- Provide a dynamic structure for rapid cell movement.
- Are the thinnest components of the cytoskeleton.
- Are involved in muscle contraction.
- Provide structural support and mechanical strength. (correct)
An atom loses electrons during a chemical reaction. Which term best describes what has occurred to this atom?
An atom loses electrons during a chemical reaction. Which term best describes what has occurred to this atom?
What are the key characteristics of enzymes in biological systems?
What are the key characteristics of enzymes in biological systems?
For the reaction $Y \rightarrow X$, what information does the equilibrium constant provide?
For the reaction $Y \rightarrow X$, what information does the equilibrium constant provide?
How do coupled reactions function in bioenergetics?
How do coupled reactions function in bioenergetics?
How do enzymes facilitate the transition state between substrates and products, thereby lowering activation energy?
How do enzymes facilitate the transition state between substrates and products, thereby lowering activation energy?
Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells through cellular respiration?
Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells through cellular respiration?
What is the primary function of ribosomes within a cell?
What is the primary function of ribosomes within a cell?
Flashcards
Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts
Organelles found in eukaryotic cells that use solar energy to produce chemical energy through photosynthesis.
Dehydration reaction
Dehydration reaction
A reaction where two molecules combine, often with the removal of a water molecule.
Intermediate filaments
Intermediate filaments
Cytoskeletal components that help distribute chromosomes during cell division.
Oxidized atom
Oxidized atom
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Enzymes
Enzymes
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Equilibrium constant
Equilibrium constant
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Coupled reactions
Coupled reactions
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Mitochondria
Mitochondria
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Facilitated diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
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Anaphase
Anaphase
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Study Notes
- Chloroplasts are exclusive to eukaryotes.
- Chloroplasts likely evolved from bacteria.
- Chloroplasts use solar energy to produce chemical energy.
- A specimen was stained before imaging.
- A dehydration reaction is likely when two molecules come together to form a macromolecule,.
- Creating a covalent bond is likely when two molecules come together to form a macromolecule.
- A reaction likely requires energy input when two molecules come together to form a macromolecule.
- Intermediate filaments are polymers of amino acids.
- Intermediate filaments help distribute chromosomes during cell division.
- An atom that is oxidized will lose electrons.
- Enzymes lower the activation energy needed to reach the transition state.
- Enzymes are proteins.
- Enzymes can work for both catabolic and anabolic reactions.
- Enzymes bind substrates at the allosteric site.
- For the reaction Y → X, the equilibrium constant compares the ratio of product concentration to reactant concentration.
- For coupled reactions, the overall ΔG of the reaction must be negative.
- Anabolic reactions can be coupled with the hydrolysis of ATP.
- Energy can be transferred between coupled reactions via the use of activated carriers.
- Conditions at the active site of an enzyme make the transition state between substrate(s) and product(s) happen more easily,thereby lowering activation energy because enzymes bring substrate molecules closer to each other and in the proper orientation to react.
- Mitochondria is responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells.
- The primary function of ribosomes is protein synthesis.
- Facilitated diffusion requires a transport protein.
- Facilitated diffusion moves molecules down their concentration gradient.
- Anaphase involves the separation of sister chromatids.
- Phospholipids serve as the main component of cell membranes.
- Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion.
- ATP is the primary energy carrier in cells.
- Sodium-potassium pump is an example of active transport.
- Glycolysis converts glucose into pyruvate.
- Hydrogen bonds hold the two strands of DNA together.
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