Photosynthesis and Chloroplasts Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are the major sites of photosynthesis in most plants?

Flowers

Leaves (correct)

Stems

Roots

What are chloroplasts?

The sites of photosynthesis in plants.

What is mesophyll?

The tissue in the interior of the leaf.

What do stromata do?

Carbon dioxide enters the leaf; oxygen exits. Signup and view all the answers

What is stroma?

A chloroplast has an envelope of two membranes surrounding a dense fluid. Signup and view all the answers

What is a thylakoid?

A third membrane system, made up of sacs that segregates the stroma from the thylakoid space. Signup and view all the answers

What is chlorophyll?

The green pigment that gives leaves their color. Signup and view all the answers

What does xylem do?

Carries nutrients and water up the plant. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of phloem?

Takes sugars from the leaves, carries it to the bottom, and stores it as starch. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Photosynthesis in Plants

Leaves serve as the primary sites for photosynthesis in most plant species, utilizing sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Chloroplasts

Chloroplasts are the specialized organelles where photosynthesis takes place, located within the mesophyll cells of leaves.

Mesophyll

Mesophyll is the internal layer of leaf tissue, rich in chloroplasts, playing a crucial role in photosynthetic activity.

Stromata

Stomata are small openings on leaf surfaces that allow for gas exchange, enabling carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to be released.

Stroma

The stroma is the dense fluid within chloroplasts, surrounded by two membranes, and is essential for the photosynthetic process.

Thylakoids

Thylakoids are membranous sacs located within the stroma, forming a separate space filled with fluid; they are critical for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

Chlorophyll

Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in the thylakoid membranes; it absorbs light energy, which is essential for the photosynthetic process.

Xylem

Xylem is the vascular tissue responsible for transporting water and essential nutrients from the roots upward through the plant.

Phloem

Phloem is the vascular tissue that carries sugars produced in the leaves down to other parts of the plant for growth and storage, often converting excess sugar to starch.

Description

This quiz focuses on key terms related to chloroplasts and their role in photosynthesis. Each flashcard provides definitions for essential vocabulary such as leaves, mesophyll, and stromata. Perfect for students learning about plant biology and photosynthesis processes.