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Questions and Answers
Similar species are grouped together into the same ______.
Similar species are grouped together into the same ______.
genus
Similar genera are grouped together into ______.
Similar genera are grouped together into ______.
families
The hierarchical classification extends from families to ______.
The hierarchical classification extends from families to ______.
orders
The next level after orders in the taxonomic hierarchy is ______.
The next level after orders in the taxonomic hierarchy is ______.
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The phylum is also referred to as a division in some classification systems, and it follows the ______.
The phylum is also referred to as a division in some classification systems, and it follows the ______.
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The basic unit of classification at the lowest rank is ______.
The basic unit of classification at the lowest rank is ______.
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Taxonomic ranks, in order, include division, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and ______.
Taxonomic ranks, in order, include division, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and ______.
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Organisms are placed together based on their ______.
Organisms are placed together based on their ______.
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One male gamete fuses with the egg cell and the other with the two ______ nuclei.
One male gamete fuses with the egg cell and the other with the two ______ nuclei.
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This process of fertilization and triple fusion are together known as ______ fertilization.
This process of fertilization and triple fusion are together known as ______ fertilization.
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The synergids guide the male gamete towards the egg cell and the ______ nuclei.
The synergids guide the male gamete towards the egg cell and the ______ nuclei.
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The ______ cells disappear before fertilization.
The ______ cells disappear before fertilization.
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The ovules develop into seeds and the ______ as a whole changes to form a fruit.
The ovules develop into seeds and the ______ as a whole changes to form a fruit.
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The fertilized egg grows and gives rise to an ______.
The fertilized egg grows and gives rise to an ______.
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The primary endosperm nucleus divides repeatedly to form the ______.
The primary endosperm nucleus divides repeatedly to form the ______.
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Asexual reproduction means 'without sex' and does not involve ______.
Asexual reproduction means 'without sex' and does not involve ______.
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Asexual reproduction in Cyanobacteria occurs by ______ fission.
Asexual reproduction in Cyanobacteria occurs by ______ fission.
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In ______, a small part of a body grows out as a bud which then detaches.
In ______, a small part of a body grows out as a bud which then detaches.
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The process of breaking up the body of a multicellular organism into fragments is known as ______.
The process of breaking up the body of a multicellular organism into fragments is known as ______.
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A parent plant produces ______ units called spores inside the spore sac.
A parent plant produces ______ units called spores inside the spore sac.
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When the spore sac bursts, spores spread into the air and can germinate under ______ conditions.
When the spore sac bursts, spores spread into the air and can germinate under ______ conditions.
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______ propagation occurs without the help of any reproductive organ.
______ propagation occurs without the help of any reproductive organ.
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Examples of asexual reproduction in organisms include yeast, fern, and ______.
Examples of asexual reproduction in organisms include yeast, fern, and ______.
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In asexual reproduction by spores, the spores are produced in a structure called a ______.
In asexual reproduction by spores, the spores are produced in a structure called a ______.
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This arrangement is called a ________.
This arrangement is called a ________.
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Organisms are divided into six ______ systems.
Organisms are divided into six ______ systems.
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The two kingdoms within the domains Archaea and Bacteria are Archaebacteria and ______.
The two kingdoms within the domains Archaea and Bacteria are Archaebacteria and ______.
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Human body cells contain ________ chromosomes.
Human body cells contain ________ chromosomes.
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The number of chromosomes is the same in all cells of the ________.
The number of chromosomes is the same in all cells of the ________.
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Within the domain Eukarya, there are four kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and ______.
Within the domain Eukarya, there are four kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and ______.
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Chromosomes are always in pairs, called ________ chromosomes.
Chromosomes are always in pairs, called ________ chromosomes.
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The kingdom Archaebacteria includes organisms that are ______ and live in extreme environments.
The kingdom Archaebacteria includes organisms that are ______ and live in extreme environments.
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In humans, there are ________ inherited chromosomes from the mother.
In humans, there are ________ inherited chromosomes from the mother.
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Eubacteria are primarily ______ organisms.
Eubacteria are primarily ______ organisms.
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A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of ________.
A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of ________.
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Fungi can be classified as unicellular or ______.
Fungi can be classified as unicellular or ______.
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Genes have a specific location known as the ________.
Genes have a specific location known as the ________.
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Plantae are primarily ______ organisms that conduct photosynthesis.
Plantae are primarily ______ organisms that conduct photosynthesis.
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Members of the kingdom Animalia are ______ and primarily heterotrophic.
Members of the kingdom Animalia are ______ and primarily heterotrophic.
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Alleles are different ________ of a gene.
Alleles are different ________ of a gene.
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Viruses are not included in the six kingdoms of living ______.
Viruses are not included in the six kingdoms of living ______.
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Cyanobacteria are a type of ______ that can perform photosynthesis.
Cyanobacteria are a type of ______ that can perform photosynthesis.
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Genetics is the study of ______ and variations of inherited characteristics.
Genetics is the study of ______ and variations of inherited characteristics.
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The trait that is expressed in an organism, suppressing the recessive trait, is called a ______ trait.
The trait that is expressed in an organism, suppressing the recessive trait, is called a ______ trait.
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The ______ trait stays suppressed and cannot be expressed in the presence of a dominant trait.
The ______ trait stays suppressed and cannot be expressed in the presence of a dominant trait.
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Dominant traits are denoted using ______ letters.
Dominant traits are denoted using ______ letters.
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An allele that carries the dominant trait is expressed in the ______ of the organism.
An allele that carries the dominant trait is expressed in the ______ of the organism.
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A ______ allele carries the recessive trait but is only expressed in the absence of the dominant allele.
A ______ allele carries the recessive trait but is only expressed in the absence of the dominant allele.
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The dominant trait is represented by a ______.
The dominant trait is represented by a ______.
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A distinctive inherited feature of an organism is known as a ______.
A distinctive inherited feature of an organism is known as a ______.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Biology
- Biology is the study of living things, encompassing plants, animals, and other organisms.
- Living things (organisms) exist on land, in water, and in the air.
- Biology is crucial in daily life, impacting areas like food production and disease control.
Fields of Study in Biology
- Botany: Study of plants.
- Zoology: Study of animals.
- Microbiology: Study of microscopic organisms.
- Morphology: Study of forms and structures of organisms.
- Anatomy: Study of gross internal structures.
- Histology: Study of microscopic structures of tissues.
- Cytology: Study of cells.
- Physiology: Study of living processes or functions of organisms.
- Embryology: Study of early development of organisms.
- Palaeontology: Study of fossils (remains of organisms that lived millions of years ago).
Characteristics of Living Things
- Cellular structure: All living things are composed of cells.
- Metabolism: The sum of chemical processes in organisms (anabolism and catabolism).
- Growth: An increase in size and weight.
- Movement: All living organisms move (animals visibly, plants more internally).
- Irritability: Response to stimuli (environmental changes).
- Reproduction: Producing new individuals.
- Adaptability: The capability to adjust to environmental changes.
Taxonomy
- Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms.
- Organisms are classified into groups or categories according to shared characteristics.
- Taxonomy uses hierarchical classification, with groups progressively containing more diverse organisms (kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species).
Kingdoms in Biology
- Archaebacteria: Primitive prokaryotes that thrive in extreme environments.
- Eubacteria: Prokaryotic organisms, including bacteria.
- Protista: Unicellular or simple multicellular eukaryotic organisms (plant-like, animal-like, fungus-like).
- Fungi: Unicellular or multicellular organisms (e.g., yeasts, molds, mushrooms).
- Plantae: Multicellular organisms capable of photosynthesis.
- Animalia: Multicellular, heterotrophic organisms.
Review Questions (from the provided document)
- Main branches/fields of biology are botany, zoology, microbiology etc.
- Biodiversity means biological diversity (the abundance of different types of organisms.)
- Taxonomy involves classifying organisms in a hierarchy, to learn biology effectively, and trace the evolutionary history of organisms..
- Binomial System of Nomenclature is a two-word naming system. Example: Homo sapiens
- The six kingdoms are Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
- Differences between Eubacteria and Archaebacteria include metabolic processes.
- Five levels of organization: cells, tissue, organs, organ systems and organism.
- Characteristics of Bryophyta (moss).
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Description
Test your knowledge on the classification of organisms and the various taxonomic ranks. This quiz covers topics from basic classification units to the processes involved in fertilization. Perfect for biology students looking to deepen their understanding of taxonomy.
