Questions and Answers
Which of these types of cells lack a nucleus?
What is the main genetic material located in the nucleoid?
Eukaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles.
False
What provides structural support and maintains cell shape in prokaryotic cells?
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The outer gelatinous covering that protects the cell is called the ______.
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Study Notes
Overview of Cells
- Cells are the fundamental units of life, categorized into two main types: prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
- Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells contain both.
Parts and Functions of Prokaryotic Cells
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Capsule:
- Gelatinous outer layer that protects cells from dehydration.
- Aids in adherence to surfaces.
- Offers protection against host immune responses, particularly in pathogenic bacteria.
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Cell Wall:
- Provides structural support and maintains cell shape.
- In bacteria, primarily composed of peptidoglycan, contributing to rigidity.
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Cell Membrane:
- Separates the interior of the cell from the external environment.
- Regulates the movement of organic molecules, ions, water, oxygen, and waste in and out of the cell.
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Nucleoid:
- The region within the cell where the circular DNA chromosome resides.
- Lacks a membrane, distinguishing it from a eukaryotic nucleus.
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Chromosomal DNA:
- Serves as the primary genetic material of the cell.
- Located within the nucleoid, crucial for inheritance and function.
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DNA:
- The genetic blueprint of the cell, directing protein synthesis and cellular activities.
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Description
Explore the basic unit of life with this quiz on cells. Learn the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as the components and functions of prokaryotic cells. Test your knowledge about cell structure and their roles.
