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Questions and Answers
What aspect of the eye's functionality does the term 'field of vision' primarily describe?
What aspect of the eye's functionality does the term 'field of vision' primarily describe?
- The clarity of objects seen near the fovea
- The ability to adjust focus on distant objects
- The total area visible when the eye is fixed (correct)
- The color perception abilities of the retina
Which structure in the eye is most responsible for clear vision of small objects?
Which structure in the eye is most responsible for clear vision of small objects?
- The lens
- The optic nerve
- The fovea (correct)
- The retina
How should an examiner ensure accurate assessment of a patient's visual fields?
How should an examiner ensure accurate assessment of a patient's visual fields?
- Limit eye examination to under 5 minutes
- Allow time for the patient to acclimatize (correct)
- Keep the telescope well below eye level
- Avoid using a perimeter chart to focus on other techniques
What is the relationship between the position of rods and cones and visual field perception?
What is the relationship between the position of rods and cones and visual field perception?
What is the expected duration for examining each eye during a visual field assessment?
What is the expected duration for examining each eye during a visual field assessment?
What is the primary purpose of using the audiometer in the lab exercise?
What is the primary purpose of using the audiometer in the lab exercise?
During the balance exercise, what is the expected response when the stool is stopped abruptly?
During the balance exercise, what is the expected response when the stool is stopped abruptly?
In the balance exercise, why is it important for a staff member to be present?
In the balance exercise, why is it important for a staff member to be present?
What effect does closing the eyes have on the subject during the balance test?
What effect does closing the eyes have on the subject during the balance test?
Which element of the lab exercise is primarily concerned with understanding sound wave properties?
Which element of the lab exercise is primarily concerned with understanding sound wave properties?
What is the primary function of taste buds in humans?
What is the primary function of taste buds in humans?
In a two-point discrimination test, what determines the closest distance at which two points can be perceived as separate?
In a two-point discrimination test, what determines the closest distance at which two points can be perceived as separate?
When measuring the localization of touch using the inner lower arm, what is the expected procedure to gather data?
When measuring the localization of touch using the inner lower arm, what is the expected procedure to gather data?
Which area is likely to show the greatest sensitivity in the two-point discrimination test?
Which area is likely to show the greatest sensitivity in the two-point discrimination test?
How should the subject be positioned during touch localization testing?
How should the subject be positioned during touch localization testing?
What does a visual acuity of 6/12 indicate about a person's vision?
What does a visual acuity of 6/12 indicate about a person's vision?
Which mechanism allows the human eye to focus on near versus far objects?
Which mechanism allows the human eye to focus on near versus far objects?
What is the purpose of marking the points where the patient first sees and identifies the target?
What is the purpose of marking the points where the patient first sees and identifies the target?
During the blind spot test, what do you measure to determine the blind spot's location?
During the blind spot test, what do you measure to determine the blind spot's location?
What defines the 'near point of vision' in the context of eye function?
What defines the 'near point of vision' in the context of eye function?
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Study Notes
Sight
- The field of vision is the area seen by the eye when it is fixed on a point.
- The visual field decreases as the distance of the rods and cones from the fovea increases.
- Visual acuity is tested using the Snellen Eye Chart.
- Normal visual acuity is 6/6; a person with this acuity can read a line marked 6/6 at 6 meters.
- Myopia (nearsightedness) is a condition where a person can only read a line marked 6/6 at 12 meters.
- Accommodation, the ability to focus on both near and far objects, is achieved through the elasticity of the lens..
- The near point of vision is the closest point at which an object can be focused clearly.
- The blind spot is located where the optic nerve exits the eye and contains no photoreceptor cells, thus no light can be perceived there.
- The blind spot can be located by holding a diagram of a plus sign and a circle at a specific distance from the eye.
- As the distance from the eye increases, the circle will disappear as it falls on the blind spot.
Hearing and Balance
- Hearing is tested through the audiometer.
- Balance can be tested by asking a subject to sit on a rotating stool and observe their reaction to the stool's rotation and sudden stop while their eyes are open and closed.
Taste
- Taste is perceived through taste buds.
- Different taste buds respond to different stimuli.
- Taste buds can be found on the dorsal surface of the tongue, and their locations can be determined using appropriate samples.
Touch
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Localization of touch is tested by using a sharp pencil to press down on a subject's arm and asking them to locate the point of contact..
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The average distance between the two points (pressed and located) is measured.
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The procedure is repeated on various parts of the body, which are compared to understand the differences in sensitivity.
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Two-point discrimination is the smallest distance between two stimuli that can be perceived as separate.
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This test measures how close two points can be on a subject's skin and still be recognized as separate points.
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The procedure is repeated on several areas of the body to observe varying degrees of sensitivity based on locations.
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