Biology Chapter Review Quiz

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What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

Structural component of cells
Long-term energy storage
Short-term energy storage (correct)
Secondary energy source

Which property of water allows it to be an effective solvent?

Polarity (correct)
Adhesion
High specific heat
Cohesion

What role do ribosomes play in the cell?

Produce lipids
Translate mRNA into proteins (correct)
Store calcium ions
Maintain cell shape

What is the result of dehydration in polymer formation?

Links monomers by removing water (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to cell theory, which statement is correct?

All living things are made of cells. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the independent variable represent in an experiment?

What the experimenter deliberately changes (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly identifies the relationship between atomic number, protons, and electrons?

Atomic number is the same as the number of protons and electrons (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the scientific design process, which step follows constructing a hypothesis?

Test the hypothesis in an experiment (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes an endothermic reaction?

Absorbs energy in the form of heat or light. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How are accuracy and precision defined in measurements?

Accuracy relates to the actual value while precision relates to closeness of measurements (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

Lower the activation energy required. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT impact the rate of chemical reactions?

Molecular weight of the products (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sequences correctly arranges biological structures from smallest to largest?

Atom → molecule → cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the structure of ATP?

Adenine, ribose, and three phosphates. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What role does ATP synthase play in the ATP-ADP cycle?

It adds a third phosphate to ADP to regenerate ATP. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of molecular pumps in a cell?

To move molecules against a concentration gradient using energy (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the cell cycle is primarily focused on DNA replication?

S phase (C) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes apoptosis?

Nucleus shrinking and breaking apart (B) Signup and view all the answers

In which type of solution does water move into a cell?

Hypotonic solution (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of centrioles during cell division?

To aid in the movement of chromosomes (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why are checkpoints critical in the cell cycle?

To regulate the cell's signal for uncontrolled growth (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vacuoles in a cell?

To store materials and waste products (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is facilitated diffusion?

Movement of molecules across a membrane with the help of a protein channel (C) Signup and view all the answers

Independent Variable

The factor in an experiment that is deliberately changed or manipulated by the experimenter.

Dependent Variable

The factor that changes in response to the independent variable. It's measured and observed during the experiment.