Biology Chapter: Organ Systems and Frogs

Questions and Answers

What unique feature do male frogs have that distinguishes them from female frogs?

Longer hind limbs

Colorful skin patterns

Additional digits on forelimbs

Presence of vocal sacs (correct)

Which part of the frog's anatomy serves to protect the eyes while it is in water?

Tympanum

Nictitating membrane (correct)

Vocal sacs

Forelimbs

What structural characteristic of the hind limbs in frogs aids in swimming?

Webbed digits (correct)

Longer length than forelimbs

Muscular build

Reduced number of digits

How does the structure of the digestive system in frogs relate to their carnivorous diet?

Short alimentary canal Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the gall bladder in the digestive system of frogs?

Stores bile Signup and view all the answers

In frogs, which organ system includes the structures that facilitate gas exchange?

Respiratory system Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the membranous tympanum in frogs?

Receives sound signals Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature allows frogs to perform various locomotor activities such as leaping and burrowing?

Hind limbs adaptability Signup and view all the answers

What classification does the common frog found in India, Rana tigrina, belong to?

Class Amphibia Signup and view all the answers

What term describes frogs that do not maintain a constant body temperature?

Poikilothermic Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used for the protective coloration that frogs exhibit to blend in with their surroundings?

Camouflage Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the shelter taken by frogs during extreme cold?

Hibernation Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic does the skin of frogs possess that contributes to its moist condition?

Mucus Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of the ventral side of a frog's body?

Uniformly pale yellow Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical features are absent in the body structure of a frog?

Tail and neck Signup and view all the answers

How do frogs absorb water?

Direct absorption through their skin Signup and view all the answers

What major benefit does the organization of cells into tissues, organs, and organ systems provide to multicellular organisms?

Improved efficiency and coordination of activities Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue is NOT mentioned as part of the heart's composition?

Adipose tissue Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the study of the external features of organisms?

Morphology Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following combinations best describes the hierarchical organization in multicellular organisms?

Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ Systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the aspect of development that showcases a progressive pattern in the complexity of organs and organ systems?

Evolutionary trend Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'anatomy' conventionally refer to in the context of animal study?

Study of internal organs morphology Signup and view all the answers

Which tissue type is responsible for contraction and movement in organs such as the heart?

Muscular tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about tissues forming organs is correct?

An organ can be formed by many types of tissues. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the kidneys in frogs?

Eliminate nitrogenous wastes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the frog's excretory system?

Pancreatic islets Signup and view all the answers

What type of animal is a frog classified as based on its method of excretion?

Ureotelic Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is primarily responsible for chemical coordination in the frog's body?

Pituitary gland Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature distinguishes the urinary bladder in frogs?

It opens to the cloaca Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the ureters in male frogs?

Transport urine to the cloaca Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is a functional unit of the frog's kidney?

Nephrons Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following endocrine glands is NOT found in frogs?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

Which structure serves as a chamber for the excretion of waste and reproductive substances in frogs?

Cloaca Signup and view all the answers

What type of fertilization occurs in frogs?

External fertilization Signup and view all the answers

How many ova can a mature female frog lay at one time?

2500 to 3000 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of vasa efferentia in the male reproductive system of frogs?

Carry sperm from the testes to the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What role do frogs play in the ecological balance?

They contribute to the food chain and food web. Signup and view all the answers

What connects the ovaries to the cloaca in female frogs?

Oviduct Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the male frog reproductive system is adhered to the kidneys?

Testes Signup and view all the answers

What metamorphic stage does a tadpole undergo to become an adult frog?

Metamorphosis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Organ and Organ Systems

Division of labor among cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems is essential for the survival of multicellular organisms.
Basic tissues organize to form organs, which work together as organ systems.
Each organ comprises one or more types of tissues, such as the heart which contains epithelial, connective, muscular, and neural tissues.
Evolutionary trends in organ complexity can be observed.

Frog Overview

Frogs are amphibians belonging to the phylum Chordata, capable of living both on land and in freshwater.
Common species in India is Rana tigrina.
Frogs are cold-blooded (poikilotherms) and their body temperature varies with the environment.
They can camouflage by changing color, aiding in predator evasion.
Summer sleep (aestivation) and winter sleep (hibernation) occur during extreme weather conditions.

Morphology

Frog skin is smooth and slippery due to mucus, maintained in a moist condition.
Dorsal skin is typically olive green with dark spots; ventral skin is pale yellow.
Body is divided into head and trunk, lacking a neck and tail.
Features include bulging eyes covered by a nictitating membrane, and a membranous tympanum for sound.
Forelimbs have four digits, hind limbs five, with webbed feet for swimming.
Sexual dimorphism present; males have vocal sacs and copulatory pads.

Anatomy

Frog body cavity accommodates multiple systems: digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, excretory, and reproductive.
Digestion involves a short alimentary canal suitable for a carnivorous diet; mouth leads to a buccal cavity, then esophagus, stomach, intestine, rectum, and cloaca.
Liver secretes bile stored in the gall bladder; blood circulation is maintained by a muscular heart.
Excretory system includes kidneys, ureters, cloaca, and urinary bladder; frogs are ureotelic, excreting urea.

Excretory System

Kidneys are dark red, bean-shaped, with nephron units for waste separation.
Male ureters function as urinogenital ducts; female ureters and oviducts open separately into cloaca.
Urinary bladder is located ventrally; waste removal occurs through kidneys.

Reproductive System

Male frogs have paired yellowish testes, connected to kidneys via vasa efferentia.
Cloaca enables expulsion of feces, urine, and sperm.
Female frogs have ovaries near kidneys; they produce 2500-3000 ova at once, undergoing external fertilization in water.
Early development includes a larval tadpole stage, which metamorphoses into an adult frog.

Ecological Importance

Frogs help control insect populations and maintain ecological balance.
Serve as a crucial part of food chains and webs.
In some cultures, frog legs are consumed as food.

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Description

Explore the fascinating structure and functionality of organ systems in multicellular organisms, with a focus on amphibians like frogs. Learn about the evolutionary trends in organ complexity and the unique characteristics of frogs, including their adaptations for survival in varied environments. This quiz will test your knowledge on organ systems and frog morphology.