Biology Chapter on Transpiration

Questions and Answers

What is the term for the suppressed allele of a gene?

Dominant

Codominant

Recessive (correct)

Incomplete

Which of the following is a knot-like mass of blood capillaries in Bowman’s capsule?

Nephron

Cortex

Vas deferens

Glomerulus (correct)

Which mineral element is essential for the synthesis of thyroxine?

Zinc

Calcium

Iodine (correct)

Iron

Which gaseous compound is known to deplete the ozone layer?

Chlorofluorocarbon Signup and view all the answers

What is the statistical study of human population referred to as?

Demography Signup and view all the answers

Arrange the following in the correct order: Soil water, Xylem, Root hair, Cortex.

Soil water, Root hair, Cortex, Xylem Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following items correctly matches with the air pollutant?

Carbon monoxide Signup and view all the answers

Identify the odd one out from the following glands: Thyroid gland, Lacrimal gland, Pituitary gland, Adrenal gland.

Lacrimal gland Signup and view all the answers

What role does the medulla oblongata play in the human body?

Connects the brain to the spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What is one adaptation of cacti to reduce water loss?

Modification of leaves into spines Signup and view all the answers

Which chromosomes carry the genes responsible for color blindness in males?

X chromosome Signup and view all the answers

What process occurs when bacteria come into contact with pickle due to salt?

Exosmosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the semicircular canals in the ear?

Sensing head rotations Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in living cells?

Energy transfer for biochemical processes Signup and view all the answers

What essential physical change occurs in bacteria when they become flaccid due to salt exposure?

Cell death occurs Signup and view all the answers

What vital processes does the medulla oblongata help control?

Heart rate and blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is known for regulating blood glucose levels?

Glucagon Signup and view all the answers

What is parthenocarpy?

The development of fruit without fertilization Signup and view all the answers

Where do stomata primarily occur in plant leaves?

Lower epidermis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the cell wall?

It is fully permeable to molecules sized up to 30-60 KDa Signup and view all the answers

What is guttation?

The loss of water in the form of droplets from hydathodes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of oxytocin in the body?

Facilitation of childbirth Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is located just below the bladder?

Rectum Signup and view all the answers

The process of transpiration primarily involves which of the following?

Release of water vapor from stomata Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is involved in the process of excretion?

Vas deferens Signup and view all the answers

Which substances can be decomposed by microorganisms?

Animal and human waste Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the final stage of prophase in cell division?

Late prophase Signup and view all the answers

What category do the malleus, incus, and stapes belong to?

Auditory ossicles Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of the hepatic portal vein?

Carries deoxygenated blood from the intestines to the liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the large surface area of leaf cells?

To enhance carbon dioxide diffusion Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of the human circulatory system?

Endocrine glands Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is considered an odd term among the following options?

Centrosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Auxin in plants?

Promotes root growth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is found in the forebrain and is responsible for communicating between the left and right hemispheres?

Corpus callosum Signup and view all the answers

What primarily causes Guttation in plants?

Root pressure Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes lenticels from stomata in plants?

Location on the plant surface Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrogenous base is NOT found in RNA?

Thymine Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Hepatic Portal Vein in the human body?

Drains blood from the digestive organs to the liver Signup and view all the answers

Which type of plant tissue is primarily responsible for photosynthesis?

Parenchyma Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is responsible for secreting glucagon?

Pancreas Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Transpiration and Plant Adaptation

Transpiration rate increases, leading to a rapid decrease in water levels in test tubes.
Plants adapt to water loss by shedding leaves or transforming them into spines, as seen in cacti.
Guttation occurs due to water loss, particularly noted in small herbaceous plants, resulting in water droplets on leaf margins.

Nervous System and Medulla Oblongata

The medulla oblongata connects the brain and spinal cord, playing a crucial role in transmitting nerve signals.
It regulates vital functions such as heartbeat, respiration, blood vessel dilation, and blood pressure.

Color Blindness Genetic Basis

Genes linked to color blindness are found on the X chromosome.
Males, having only one X chromosome inherited from their mother, are more susceptible to color blindness.

Role of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is the energy currency of cells, vital for various biological processes.

Salt Preservation in Pickles

Salt acts as a preservative, preventing microbial contamination in pickles by causing exosmosis, which leads to bacterial cell death.
The addition of salt increases pickle concentration, enhancing its preservation properties.

Structure and Function of Ear Anatomy

Semicircular canals, located in the inner ear, detect head rotations from both self-induced movements and external forces.

Basic Biological Concepts

Accommodation refers to the adjustment of the eye’s muscles to change the focal length for viewing objects at various distances.
Key terms such as natality (birth rate), soil pollutants, mortality (death rate), and air pollutants are crucial in understanding demographics and environmental science.

Gene Definition and Functions

A gene is a fundamental unit of heredity, responsible for carrying genetic information.
The hepatic portal vein is significant as it carries the majority of blood flow from the digestive system to the liver, playing a role in nutrient processing.

Structure of the Ear and Eye

Thylakoids located in chloroplasts facilitate photosynthesis by trapping light energy.
The internal structure of the human kidney includes critical components such as glomeruli and nephrons and is essential for excretion and filtration.

Match and Sorting of Biological Terms

Terms associated with germination and plant growth include soil water, xylem, root hair, and cortex.
Organ systems and their bloom sequences include auditory ossicles: tympanum, malleus, incus, and stapes; as well as blood circulation terms: pulmonary vein, left auricle, left ventricle, and aorta.

Odd One Out and Identification

Identifying non-matching biological terms helps consolidate knowledge about organ systems, pollutants, and plant processes.
Odd terms such as Lacrimal gland (not endocrine), X-rays (not a water pollutant), or Centrosome (not a plant cellular structure) signify different categories in biological classification.

Adaptations in Leaves for Photosynthesis

Leaves possess adaptations like a large surface area for optimal light absorption and a thin structure for efficient gas diffusion (carbon dioxide and oxygen).
These adaptations maximize efficiency in photosynthetic processes.

Transport Process in Plants

The study of transpiration involves understanding water movement through different plant structures under varying environmental conditions, revealing critical physiological responses to light intensity and water availability.

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Description

This quiz explores key concepts related to transpiration and its effects on water levels in plants. It also covers the role of the medulla oblongata in the nervous system. Test your understanding of these vital biological processes.