Biology Chapter on Sensory Systems
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Questions and Answers

Which structure is responsible for directing sound waves into the auditory canal?

  • Cochlea
  • Tympanum
  • Sclera
  • Pinna (correct)
  • What is the primary function of the wax produced in the auditory canal?

  • To transmit electrical signals to the brain.
  • To protect the ear from insects and dust. (correct)
  • To amplify sound waves.
  • To maintain balance.
  • Which structure separates the external ear from the middle ear?

  • Pinna
  • Tympanum (correct)
  • Auditory canal
  • Cochlea
  • Which part of the eye is NOT explicitly mentioned in the provided text?

    <p>Cornea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During inhalation, what happens to the diaphragm?

    <p>It contracts and moves downwards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a component of the external ear?

    <p>Tympanum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in expired air?

    <p>16% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Besides hearing, what other function do ears serve?

    <p>Maintaining body balance and equilibrium. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neuron transmits nerve impulses from receptors to the central nervous system?

    <p>Sensory neuron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of air remains at approximately the same percentage in both inspired and expired air?

    <p>Nitrogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of interneurons?

    <p>They have many dendrites and axons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the owl's reduced daytime vision due to, according to the text?

    <p>A deficiency of cones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the bell jar model, what do the balloons represent?

    <p>The lungs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of motor neurons?

    <p>To carry information from interneurons to effectors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature gives nocturnal animals increased night vision?

    <p>More rods than cones. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily controls the breathing rate?

    <p>Blood carbon dioxide concentration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a ganglion?

    <p>A group of neuron cell bodies enveloped by a membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of nerve contains only the axons of sensory neurons?

    <p>Sensory nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the state of water vapour in expired air compared to inspired air?

    <p>Saturated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the provided text, which of the following is primarily controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Breathing rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these best describes a mixed nerve?

    <p>It contains axons of both sensory and motor neurons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three protective layers covering the brain called?

    <p>Meninges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the amount of dust particles between inspired and expired air?

    <p>Decreases significantly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the brain situated in the body?

    <p>Inside a bony cranium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary structural change in the lungs caused by emphysema?

    <p>Destruction of alveolar walls leading to larger sacs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of emphysema?

    <p>Weight gain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of pneumonia as described in the text?

    <p>A bacterial infection, especially <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a patient's skin turn dusky or purplish with pneumonia?

    <p>As a result of poor blood oxygenation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism behind the difficulty in breathing experienced by asthma patients?

    <p>Narrowing of the airways due to inflammation and mucous production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is mentioned as a common allergen that can trigger an asthma attack?

    <p>Pollens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes double pneumonia from regular pneumonia?

    <p>It affects both lungs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common result occurs due to the lung tissue in emphysema not returning to its original shape after exhalation?

    <p>Air is trapped in the lungs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic that prevents blood cells and proteins from being filtered through glomerular capillaries?

    <p>Their relatively larger size. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process describes the movement of substances from the renal tubule back into the blood capillaries?

    <p>Selective reabsorption. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of glomerular filtrate that is reabsorbed back into the blood?

    <p>99%. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for the reabsorption of water?

    <p>Distal convoluted tubule and descending limb of loop of Henle. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical pH range maintained in the blood by the kidneys?

    <p>7.35 to 7.45. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance is secreted from the blood into the filtrate to maintain a stable blood pH?

    <p>Urea. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average daily volume of urine produced by a typical adult?

    <p>1.4 liters. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the provided table data, approximately what percentage of urine is water?

    <p>95%. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the retina is primarily responsible for sharp, color vision?

    <p>Fovea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the optic disc?

    <p>Entry point for the optic nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye?

    <p>The fluid present in each and the location. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The breakdown of which molecule in rods, initiates a nerve impulse when light strikes, helping with vision in low light conditions?

    <p>Rhodopsin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency will lead to poor night vision?

    <p>Vitamin A (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three primary colors that the cones recognize?

    <p>Red, green, blue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition referred to when a person has difficulty distinguishing colors?

    <p>Colour blindness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the light-reflecting layer present behind the eyes of some animals such as cats and dogs, that is not found in humans?

    <p>Tapetum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the structures and functions of sensory systems with this quiz. Covering topics such as the auditory canal, the role of neurons, and the physiology of breathing, this quiz is perfect for biology students. Challenge yourself and deepen your understanding of these essential concepts.

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