Biology Chapter on Reproduction
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Questions and Answers

What is the name given to the union of a male sperm and a female egg?

Zygote

Where are sperm cells produced in men?

Testicles

What type of reproduction involves the combination of genetic material from two parents?

  • Sexual Reproduction (correct)
  • Asexual Reproduction

What is the process of a new cell growing on the side of another cell and eventually detaching called?

<p>Budding</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for when an organism reproduces with itself to create a clone?

<p>Pathogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is urine stored in the body?

<p>Bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the two pouches at the base of the bladder that produce a nutrient-rich fluid?

<p>Seminal vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the small organ that contributes to semen production during ejaculation?

<p>Prostate gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are sperm cells stored and transported to the sperm duct?

<p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra?

<p>Sperm duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the body is where the poop exits?

<p>Anus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the tube that allows urine and semen to exit the body?

<p>Urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the external male organ that males use for urination and ejaculation?

<p>Penis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are responsible for producing sperm and testosterone?

<p>Testicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the bag of skin that holds and protects the testicles?

<p>Scrotum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tube that carries the eggs from the ovaries to the uterus?

<p>Fallopian tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are eggs developed in females?

<p>Ovaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the narrow opening at the end of the uterus that has a small opening that allows sperm through?

<p>Cervix</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does poop exit the body?

<p>Anus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the body is a passageway for blood to exit during menstruation and for the male penis to enter for sexual intercourse?

<p>Vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is urine stored in females?

<p>Bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tube that carries urine out of the bladder and out of the body?

<p>Urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

What on the top of the vagina acts as a pleasure center for females?

<p>Clitoris</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the folds of skin outside of the vagina?

<p>Vulva</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prevents bacteria from entering the vagina?

<p>Hymen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Menstruation lasts for 2 to 5 days.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lining of the uterus sheds if the egg is fertilized.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lining of the uterus grows during the days between menstruation and ovulation, preparing for a potential pregnancy.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During ovulation, the egg is released from the fallopian tube.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lining of the uterus gets thicker after ovulation, in preparation for a potential pregnancy.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The menstrual cycle starts again on day 1 after ovulation.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an egg isn't fertilized, the lining of the uterus sheds, releasing blood.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Sexual Reproduction

Reproduction involving the fusion of male and female sex cells (sperm and egg) to create offspring.

Asexual Reproduction

Reproduction where offspring are produced from a single parent, creating a genetic copy.

Zygote

A fertilized egg formed by the union of sperm and egg.

Internal Fertilization

Fertilization of egg and sperm inside the female's body.

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External Fertilization

Fertilization of egg and sperm outside the female's body.

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Sperm

Male sex cell.

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Egg

Female sex cell.

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Testicle

Male organ producing sperm and testosterone.

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Ovary

Female organ that produces eggs.

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Seminal Vesicles

Male glands that produce fluid for sperm.

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Prostate Gland

Male gland that produces semen components.

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Epididymis

Male tube that stores and transports sperm.

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Sperm Duct

Tube carrying sperm from epididymis to urethra.

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Urethra

Tube for releasing urine and semen.

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Penis

Male external sex organ.

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Scrotum

Bag of skin protecting testicles.

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Fallopian Tube

Tube transporting eggs from ovary to uterus.

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Uterus

Female organ where pregnancy occurs.

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Cervix

Narrow opening at the base of the uterus.

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Vagina

Female reproductive passage.

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Clitoris

Female pleasure center.

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Vulva

External female genitalia.

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Menstrual Cycle

Monthly cycle of uterine lining changes.

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Ovulation

Release of egg from ovary.

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Menstruation

Shedding of uterine lining if not fertilized.

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Study Notes

Sexual Reproduction

  • Involves a male sperm fertilizing a female egg, creating offspring.
  • Males produce sperm in the testicles.
  • Females develop eggs in the ovaries.
  • The union of sperm and egg is called a zygote.
  • Internal fertilization occurs when sperm fertilizes the egg inside the female's body.
  • External fertilization occurs when the sperm and egg unite outside the female's body (e.g., fish).

Asexual Reproduction

  • Offspring are created without a male partner.
  • Asexual reproduction creates a copy of the parent's DNA in a new cell.
  • Budding: a new cell grows on the parent cell and detachs when fully developed.
  • Splitting: an organism splits down the center to create two identical organisms.
  • Pathogenesis: The organism reproduces with itself creating a clone if no mate is available.

Male Reproductive System

  • Bladder: Stores urine.
  • Seminal vesicles: Two pouches at the base of the bladder producing a fluid high in fructose and sugars to nourish sperm (and also protein and enzymes).
  • Prostate gland: A small organ contributing to semen production during ejaculation.
  • Epididymis: Stores sperm and transports it to the sperm duct.
  • Sperm duct (vas deferens): Transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra.
  • Urethra: Tube that allows urine and semen to exit the body.
  • Anus: Exit point for solid waste.
  • Testicles: Produce sperm and testosterone.

Female Reproductive System

  • Fallopian tubes: Transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus.
  • Ovaries: Produce eggs.
  • Cervix: Narrow opening of the uterus; prevents bacteria entry but allows sperm passage.
  • Vagina: Passageway for menstrual blood exit and sperm entry.
  • Bladder: Stores urine.
  • Urethra: Tube allowing urine to exit the body.
  • Clitoris: A pleasure center.
  • Vulva: External flaps protecting the vagina.
  • Hymen: Membrane partially covering the vagina opening (variable).

Menstrual Cycle

  • Day 1-6 (menstruation): Uterus lining sheds if egg is not fertilized. This lasts 2-5 days.
  • Day 6-10 (lining regrowth): Uterus lining rebuilds in preparation for pregnancy.
  • Day 10-14 (ovulation): Egg is released from the ovary.
  • Day 15-28 (lining thickening): Uterus lining thickens to prepare for a possible pregnancy.
  • Cycle starts again at day 1. If egg isn't fertilized, the uterine lining sheds again.

Additional Reproductive Terms

  • Scrotum: Protective sac holding the testicles.

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Description

Test your knowledge on sexual and asexual reproduction in this quiz. Explore the processes involved in each type, and learn about the male reproductive system. Understand key terms and mechanisms like zygote formation and budding.

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