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Questions and Answers
What does population size refer to?
What does population size refer to?
- The distribution of individuals in an area
- The exact number of individuals in an area (correct)
- The average number of individuals in a population
- The ratio of individuals to resources available
How is population density defined?
How is population density defined?
- The total number of individuals in a habitat
- The geographical spread of individuals in a population
- How crowded a population is in a given area (correct)
- The ratio of individuals to the resources available
In the context of the population estimates given, what was the estimated number of frogs in the lagoon?
In the context of the population estimates given, what was the estimated number of frogs in the lagoon?
- 500 frogs
- 350 frogs (correct)
- 200 frogs
- 70 frogs
From the capture and recapture scenario, if 22 out of 40 tagged frogs were recaptured, how would you calculate the total population based on that sample?
From the capture and recapture scenario, if 22 out of 40 tagged frogs were recaptured, how would you calculate the total population based on that sample?
What is a potential misunderstanding regarding the relationship of population density and population size?
What is a potential misunderstanding regarding the relationship of population density and population size?
What type of information is typically provided by studying the dispersion of a population?
What type of information is typically provided by studying the dispersion of a population?
If the recapture method shows that 4% of recaptured individuals were tagged, what could be inferred about the capture scenario?
If the recapture method shows that 4% of recaptured individuals were tagged, what could be inferred about the capture scenario?
What is a primary concern when conducting a population study using capture and recapture methods?
What is a primary concern when conducting a population study using capture and recapture methods?
What is the formula for calculating population density?
What is the formula for calculating population density?
Which sampling method is most suitable for immobile organisms?
Which sampling method is most suitable for immobile organisms?
If 10,400 mice are living in a 1000m x 1000m field, what is the density of this population?
If 10,400 mice are living in a 1000m x 1000m field, what is the density of this population?
What is clumped distribution in the context of population ecology?
What is clumped distribution in the context of population ecology?
What type of curve is formed when population size, N, is plotted over time for bacteria reproduction?
What type of curve is formed when population size, N, is plotted over time for bacteria reproduction?
In mark and recapture sampling, what is the primary focus of this method?
In mark and recapture sampling, what is the primary focus of this method?
What is meant by the term 'dispersion' in population ecology?
What is meant by the term 'dispersion' in population ecology?
What does the logistic growth model primarily account for in populations?
What does the logistic growth model primarily account for in populations?
Which of the following best describes how to conduct a quadrat survey?
Which of the following best describes how to conduct a quadrat survey?
Which of the following best describes exponential growth?
Which of the following best describes exponential growth?
Which demographic factor does not directly affect the death rate?
Which demographic factor does not directly affect the death rate?
Density-independent factors are characterized by what?
Density-independent factors are characterized by what?
Which demographic processes contribute to fluctuations in population size?
Which demographic processes contribute to fluctuations in population size?
What type of curve is produced when plotting a population's growth that encounters limiting factors?
What type of curve is produced when plotting a population's growth that encounters limiting factors?
Demography encompasses the study of what aspects of human populations?
Demography encompasses the study of what aspects of human populations?
How does demographic analysis help societies?
How does demographic analysis help societies?
What is the definition of migration?
What is the definition of migration?
What do push factors in migration refer to?
What do push factors in migration refer to?
Based on the information provided, how is the sex ratio calculated?
Based on the information provided, how is the sex ratio calculated?
What percentage of the population in Central Luzon was male according to the census data?
What percentage of the population in Central Luzon was male according to the census data?
In the age demographics provided, which group saw a higher population of females?
In the age demographics provided, which group saw a higher population of females?
What is the primary effect of increasing population density on resource availability?
What is the primary effect of increasing population density on resource availability?
What aspect does fertility depend on?
What aspect does fertility depend on?
What is the definition of demography?
What is the definition of demography?
Which factor does NOT typically contribute to variations in fertility rates among countries?
Which factor does NOT typically contribute to variations in fertility rates among countries?
What does a life table summarize?
What does a life table summarize?
What is one concern of policymakers regarding the human population?
What is one concern of policymakers regarding the human population?
How does modern human activity impact ecosystems?
How does modern human activity impact ecosystems?
What is the main concern regarding birth rates?
What is the main concern regarding birth rates?
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Study Notes
Population
- Population size: The total number of individuals in an area.
- Population density: A measure of how crowded a population is, taking into account the number of individuals per unit area or volume.
- Population dispersion: The distribution of individuals throughout their range in an area.
Sampling Methods
- Quadrat: A method for sampling populations, particularly for immobile or slow-moving organisms like plants. This technique involves placing a square structure in random locations within the habitat.
- Capture and Tag: Used to estimate the size of smaller, mobile populations like mammals. This entails capturing a sample group, tagging them, and then recapturing a second sample. By comparing the proportion of tagged individuals in the second sample to the first sample, the overall population size can be estimated.
Population Growth Models
- Exponential growth: Occurs when a population increases in numbers without any limitations to its resources. It results in a J-shaped growth curve.
- Logistic growth: Shows that population growth is not unlimited and reaches a carrying capacity, where the death rate balances the birth rate. This is represented by an S-shaped growth curve.
Population Structure
- It refers to the proportion of individuals by age, sex, ethnicity, education, and other characteristics.
Density-Dependent Factors
- These factors impact population growth based on the density of the population. Examples include food supply, nesting sites, and mating partners.
- As density increases, these factors become more limiting and can reduce the population size.
Density-Independent Factors
- These factors affect population growth regardless of the population density. Examples include severe environmental catastrophes such as droughts, storms, and earthquakes.
- These events can reduce population size without being influenced by the population's density.
Demography
- Focuses on the statistical analysis of human populations.
- Key aspects include population size, structure, and distribution.
- Important factors considered include birth rates, death rates, migration patterns, and age demographics.
Fertility Rate
- Refers to the actual production of offspring in a population.
- It is influenced by factors like physical health, nutrition, sexual behavior, culture, and economics.
- Variation in fertility rates contributes to demographic changes.
Mortality Rate
- A measure of the number of deaths in a specific population.
- It is influenced by factors such as age, sex, and disease.
- A life table is a useful tool for summarizing mortality rates within a population.
Migration
- Refers to the movement of people from one place to another.
- Divided into push factors (unfavorable conditions in the original location) and pull factors (attractive conditions in the new location).
Sex Ratio
- Refers to the number of males per 100 females in a population.
- It can indicate a variety of demographic trends.
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