Biology Chapter on Living Things and Cells

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Questions and Answers

Match the following scientists with their contributions to disproving spontaneous generation:

Redi = Proved maggots do not arise from rotting meat Pasteur = Showed that microbes are trapped in a gooseneck flask Hooke = Used a microscope to observe cork cells Needham = Suggested that boiling broth could result in spontaneous generation

Match the following cell types with their characteristics:

Prokaryotic cells = DNA floats around in the cell Eukaryotic cells = Have membrane-bound organelles

Match the bacterial reproduction methods with their definitions:

Cell Division = One cell duplicates its DNA and splits into two Conjugation = Transfer of plasmid between two connected bacteria Exponential Growth = Population growth where one cell reproduces rapidly Colder Environment = Condition to prevent rapid bacterial reproduction

Match the diseases with their causative agents:

Antibiotics = Substances that kill or slow down bacteria Antiviral medications = Drugs that target and destroy viruses Bacteria = Microorganisms responsible for various infections Viruses = Pathogens that can cause illnesses through replication Signup and view all the answers

Match the following definitions to the correct terms related to diseases:

Symptoms = Physical and chemical changes caused by disease Infection = Pathogen's presence in a host Disease = Abnormal condition identified by symptoms Pathogen = Microbe that causes disease Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their meanings regarding zoonotic diseases:

Zoonotic diseases = Diseases that primarily infect animals Spillover event = Transmission of disease to humans Pathogen = Microbes causing infections Reservoir = A host that harbors a pathogen Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of the immune system's first line of defense:

Physical Barriers = Skin and mucous membranes Chemical Barriers = Acidic secretions and enzymes Macrophages = Cells that engulf and digest pathogens Antibodies = Proteins that help identify antigens Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts to their descriptions in the One Health Theory:

Environment = Needs care to prevent disease spillover Humans = Their health is linked to animal health One Health Theory = Interconnection of human, animal, and environmental health Pathogens = Can cross species barriers Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms related to viruses with their descriptions:

Spike Proteins = Molecules that attach to host cell receptors Host Cell = Cell that is infected and replicated within Genetic Material = Nucleic acid injected by a virus into a host Exploding Host Cell = Result of viral replication and spread Signup and view all the answers

Match the following historical concepts of cell theory:

Original cell theory = Cells can arise spontaneously from non-living matter Modern cell theory = All cells arise from pre-existing cells Signup and view all the answers

Match the shapes of bacteria with their names:

Cocci = Spherical bacteria Bacilli = Rod-shaped bacteria Spirilla = Helical or spiral-shaped bacteria Vibrios = Comma-shaped bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of pathogens with their characteristics:

Viruses = Require a host to reproduce Bacteria = Single-celled and can be beneficial or harmful Fungi = Can decompose organic materials Protozoa = Single-celled organisms that can cause diseases Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristics of bacterial organization:

Single-Celled = Composed of one bacterium Colonial = Group of bacteria functioning together Gram-positive = Bacteria retaining a purple color after staining Gram-negative = Bacteria that do not retain the purple stain Signup and view all the answers

Match the bacterial characteristics with their correct descriptions:

Plasmid = Additional genetic material in some bacteria Pilus = Hair-like structure for conjugation Microbiome = Community of microorganisms in the body Pathogen = Disease-causing organism Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements regarding the causes of diseases:

Unhealthy lifestyle = Contributes to the development of diseases Injuries = Physical damage leading to disease symptoms Genetic factors = Inherited predisposition to diseases Pathogens = Microbial agents that infect hosts Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of diseases caused by pathogens:

Bacterial Infections = Caused by bacteria like strep throat Viral Infections = Caused by viruses such as influenza Fungal Infections = Caused by fungi like athlete's foot Parasitic Infections = Caused by parasites like malaria Signup and view all the answers

Match the following disease transmission methods with their descriptions:

Droplets = Transmission through fluid particles expelled when sneezing or coughing Vectors = Organisms that transmit pathogens from one host to another Indirect contact with people = Getting infected through contaminated surfaces or objects Direct contact with animals = Transmission through physical interaction with infected animals Signup and view all the answers

Match the following disease types with their definitions:

Pandemic = A worldwide spread of a disease Endemic = Constant appearance of a disease in a specific geographical area Epidemic = A drastic increase in a local community's disease cases Epidemiologists = Scientists who study disease cases in populations Signup and view all the answers

Match the following prevention methods with their purposes:

Quarantine = Isolation of individuals to prevent disease spread Vaccinate sick animals = Prevent disease transmission from animals to humans Disinfection = Killing pathogens on surfaces to prevent infection Clean water and good sanitation = Reducing waterborne diseases Signup and view all the answers

Match the following consequences of pandemics with their descriptions:

Grief = Emotional suffering due to loss Death = The ultimate consequence of severe disease impact Loss of employment = Economic downturn leading to job losses Cities rebuilding = Efforts to restore infrastructure post-pandemic Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ways to prevent antibiotic resistance with their strategies:

Use antibiotics wisely = Only use them against bacterial infections Complete your medication = Finish all prescribed doses even if feeling better Educate about virus vs bacteria = Increase awareness that antibiotics do not work against viruses Promote vaccination = Reduce need for antibiotics by preventing illness Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of vaccines with their functions:

Inactivated vaccines = Contain killed pathogens Live attenuated vaccines = Use weakened forms of the pathogen Subunit vaccines = Use pieces of the pathogen to stimulate immunity mRNA vaccines = Teach cells to make a protein that prompts an immune response Signup and view all the answers

Match the following factors that cause pandemics with their effects:

Global warming = Alters habitats and increases vectors for disease Travelling = Facilitates rapid spread of pathogens Crowded cities = Increases chances of close contact and disease spread Close proximity to animals = Enhances zoonotic transmission risks Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to herd immunity with their definitions:

Herd immunity = Protection of a population when a high percentage is immune Vaccination = Process of administering vaccines to stimulate immunity Immunization programs = Structured efforts to vaccinate a population Small social circles = Limiting interactions to reduce disease transmission risks Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cell Theory (Modern)

The idea that living things can only arise from other living things, not from nonliving matter.

Cell

A tiny, self-contained unit that forms the basic building block of all living organisms.