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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?
Metabolism refers to the chemical processes that occur to build up and break down substances within an organism.
Metabolism refers to the chemical processes that occur to build up and break down substances within an organism.
True
What is homeostasis?
What is homeostasis?
The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment.
Non-living things typically do not have __________ activity.
Non-living things typically do not have __________ activity.
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Match the following biological terms with their definitions:
Match the following biological terms with their definitions:
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Which characteristic indicates that an organism can increase in size and mass?
Which characteristic indicates that an organism can increase in size and mass?
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All living organisms reproduce to create offspring.
All living organisms reproduce to create offspring.
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What is the primary unit of structure and function in all living organisms?
What is the primary unit of structure and function in all living organisms?
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What is the primary distinction between anabolic and catabolic processes?
What is the primary distinction between anabolic and catabolic processes?
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Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes.
Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes.
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What type of adaptation involves internal processes such as hibernation?
What type of adaptation involves internal processes such as hibernation?
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Photosynthesis is an example of an ______ process.
Photosynthesis is an example of an ______ process.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Asexual reproduction requires two parents.
Asexual reproduction requires two parents.
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What theory suggests that life originated from non-living matter through gradual chemical changes?
What theory suggests that life originated from non-living matter through gradual chemical changes?
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What is the process by which organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce?
What is the process by which organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce?
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Heterotrophs are organisms that make their own food.
Heterotrophs are organisms that make their own food.
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What is the main role of ATP in living organisms?
What is the main role of ATP in living organisms?
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Evolution occurs over many ______ as beneficial traits are passed on.
Evolution occurs over many ______ as beneficial traits are passed on.
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Match the type of organism with its description:
Match the type of organism with its description:
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Which type of organisms acquire nutrients essential for growth from their environment?
Which type of organisms acquire nutrients essential for growth from their environment?
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Both RNA and DNA can store genetic information.
Both RNA and DNA can store genetic information.
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What is the main function of photosynthesis?
What is the main function of photosynthesis?
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Study Notes
Characteristics of Living vs. Non-Living Things
- Living Organisms: Possess cellular structure, process energy (metabolism), increase in size (growth), adapt to their environment, react to stimuli, produce offspring, maintain internal stability (homeostasis).
- Non-Living Organisms: Do not have a cellular structure, do not process energy, may increase in size but not through growth, do not adapt or react to stimuli, cannot reproduce, cannot maintain internal stability.
Biology, Cells, and Metabolism
- Biology: The scientific study of life and living organisms.
- Cell: The basic unit of structure and function in all living organisms.
- Metabolism: The sum of all chemical processes (anabolism and catabolism) within an organism to sustain life.
Homeostasis and Growth
- Homeostasis: The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.
- Growth: An increase in size and mass of an organism.
Development, Reproduction, and Stimuli
- Development: The process of change and maturation an organism undergoes throughout its life.
- Reproduction: The biological process of creating new organisms from parent organisms (sexual or asexual).
- Stimulus: A detectable change in the internal or external environment that evokes a response in an organism.
Adaptation and Natural Selection
- Adaptation: The evolutionary process by which organisms become better suited to their environment over time.
- Natural Selection: The mechanism of evolution where organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass those traits to their offspring.
Ecosystems
- Ecosystem: A community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
Biological Disciplines for Further Study
- Botany: The scientific study of plants.
- Zoology: The scientific study of animals.
- Microbiology: The scientific study of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi).
- Genetics: The scientific study of heredity and genes.
- Ecology: The scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environment, including evolutionary processes and patterns.
- Cellular Biology: Focuses on the individual cells.
- Tissue, Organ, and Organism: Structures comprised of cells, tissues, organs, and organisms working together.
Biological Processes
- Anabolic Processes: Construct complex molecules e.g. protein synthesis.
- Catabolic Processes: Break down molecules e.g. cellular respiration
Photosynthesis and Homeostasis
- Photosynthesis: An anabolic process converting sunlight into sugars for growth.
- Homeostasis: Regulating internal conditions (temperature etc.) keeping them stable despite environmental changes.
Adaptation, Variation and Processes
- Adaptation: enabling organisms to survive in their environment.
- Natural Selection: Favors organisms that have advantageous traits.
- Physiological Adaptation: Internal Processes like Hibernation in response to the environment.
- Sexual Reproduction: Combining genetic material from two parents.
- Asexual Reproduction: Involves only one parent.
- Scientific Theories: Utilize empirical research, and testable hypotheses, creating evidence-based claims.
- Spontaneous Generation: Life arises from non-living matter.
- Creationism: Proposes that life was created by a divinity.
- Panspermia: Life originated elsewhere in the universe.
- Chemical Evolution: Life arose from non-life through gradual chemical changes forming complex organic molecules from simple inorganic ones.
Unifying Themes in Biology:
- Energy Collection and Use: How organisms obtain and utilize energy.
- Nutrition: How organisms acquire and process nutrients.
Key Biological Processes (Further detail)
- Metabolism: Chemical reactions involving the breakdown and building of molecules.
- Excretion: The removal of metabolic waste.
- Growth and Development: Increased size and complexity of organisms through cell division and differentiation.
- Evolution: Changes in traits of a group over time due to genetic variation and adaptation through natural selection.
- Variation: Differences among individuals in their traits.
- Inheritance: The transmission of traits from parents to offspring.
- Selection: Beneficial traits increase chances of survival and reproduction.
- Time: Evolution takes place over extended periods.
Energy, Nutrition and Organism Characteristics
- Energy: Required for all living processes.
- Nutrition: How organisms obtain and use nutrients to survive.
- Autotrophs: Organisms that make their own food (plants).
- Heterotrophs: Organisms that obtain their food from other sources (animals, fungi).
RNA and DNA
- RNA: Versatile, acts as a catalyst, evolves, stores genetic info, not stable.
- DNA: A double-helix structure, blueprint of genetic information, stable.
- ATP: Energy carrier.
- Photosynthesis (no ATP): Harnessing energy from the sun.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the characteristics of living organisms with this quiz. Explore concepts such as metabolism, homeostasis, reproduction, and the various processes that define life. Match terms with definitions and distinguish between types of reproduction and adaptation.
