Biology Chapter on Homeostasis and Elements
51 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason organisms maintain homeostasis?

  • To facilitate evolution over time
  • To ensure reproduction within species
  • To adapt to new environments
  • To survive under diverse conditions (correct)

    • Which of the following elements make up 96% of the mass of the human body?

  • Helium, Carbon, Oxygen, and Iron
  • Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen (correct)
  • Carbon, Nitrogen, Helium, and Hydrogen
  • Oxygen, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus

    • What defines a population in ecological terms?

  • A group of individuals of the same species living together (correct)
  • The total number of species in a geographic area
  • All living organisms and nonliving components in an area
  • Different species interacting in a specific area

    • When is an atom considered most stable?

    <p>When its valence shell is filled with electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do trace elements play in human physiology?

    <p>They are essential for various biochemical processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard unit of volume in the metric system?

    <p>Liter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following prefixes in the metric system represents a factor of 1/1000?

    <p>Milli-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a scientific experiment, which variable is manipulated by the researcher?

    <p>Independent Variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step comes directly after forming a hypothesis in the scientific method?

    <p>Designing an experiment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data is considered to be quantitative?

    <p>Data based on measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When writing a hypothesis, which of the following structures is correct?

    <p>If condition, then result</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a graduated cylinder?

    <p>To measure the volume of liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the conclusions drawn from scientific data?

    <p>Scientific data can support or refute a hypothesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process converts ADP into ATP?

    <p>Phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which macromolecule produces the most ATP when broken down?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the chloroplast contains pigments?

    <p>Thylakoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the resulting molecule from the breakdown of ATP?

    <p>ADP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the energy released from ATP breakdown?

    <p>It is used for cellular processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the reactants in the overall equation of photosynthesis?

    <p>CO2 and H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which light property describes light that is taken in by a surface?

    <p>Absorbed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the chloroplast does the Calvin cycle occur?

    <p>Stroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced as a result of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is primarily responsible for absorbing light energy in photosynthesis?

    <p>Chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many times must the Calvin Cycle occur to produce one glucose molecule?

    <p>6 times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does NADPH play in the light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle)?

    <p>It provides the energy for sugar synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is known as photolysis during the light-dependent reactions?

    <p>Splitting of water molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following molecules is used as a low-energy molecule that can be converted to ATP?

    <p>ADP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the reactants required for the light-dependent reactions?

    <p>Sunlight and Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the light-independent reactions take place within a chloroplast?

    <p>In the stroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organisms are known as autotrophs?

    <p>Organisms that make their own food using sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What form of energy is stored in the bonds of ATP?

    <p>Chemical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results when an atom loses an electron?

    <p>It becomes a cation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond forms when two atoms share pairs of electrons unequally?

    <p>Polar covalent bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of passive transport?

    <p>Moves down concentration gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of diffusion do transport proteins play a crucial role?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a molecule?

    <p>Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>It shrinks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during a hydrolysis reaction?

    <p>Polymers are broken down by adding water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is a carbohydrate?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of endocytosis primarily responsible for?

    <p>Uptake of liquid or large molecules into a cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is primarily responsible for the cohesion of water molecules?

    <p>Hydrogen bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes osmosis?

    <p>Movement of water from high to low solute concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about active transport is true?

    <p>It moves substances up a concentration gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structural arrangement is NOT found in carbon-based molecules?

    <p>Circular chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a receptor in cellular communication?

    <p>To detect and bind specific signal molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process builds a polymer chain from monomers?

    <p>Dehydration reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

    <p>To provide energy for various cellular activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a solute in a solution?

    <p>It is the substance being dissolved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes phagocytosis from pinocytosis?

    <p>Phagocytosis involves uptake of solid particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of an anion?

    <p>Negative charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model describes the structure and behavior of cell membranes?

    <p>Fluid Mosaic Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Biology 8120: Guideline for 2025 Midterm Studying

    • Intro to Bio
      • Term Sheet: IntroBio (definitions and lists)
    • Metric System
      • Terms: length, volume, and mass
      • Length: a measurement of how long something is or how far apart things are
      • Volume: the amount of space an object or a liquid occupies
      • Mass: the quantity of matter in an object
      • Prefixes of metric units (deci, centi, milli, kilo)
        • King Henry Died [s]unday drinking chocolate milk!
        • Kilo (k): 1,000x
        • Deci (d): 1/10x
        • Centi (c): 1/100x
        • Milli (m): 1/1000x
      • Know the standard units of length, volume, and mass
        • Meter
        • Liter
        • Gram
      • Determine the volume of a liquid in a picture of a graduated cylinder
        • Graduated Cylinder
        • Used to measure the volume of liquids
        • The top plastic ring always stays at the top to prevent breakage if it falls over
      • Determine length of an object in a picture of a metric ruler
        • Metric Ruler
        • Used to measure the length of an object or the distance between two objects/places

    Scientific Thinking & Processes

    • Terms: observations, data, quantitative data, qualitative data, variable, independent variable, dependent variable, constants, scientific theory
    • Order of the steps of the scientific method
      • Choose a topic to investigate
      • Form a hypothesis
      • Design an experiment to test the hypothesis
      • Perform the experiment
      • Draw a conclusion from the result
    • Identify quantitative vs qualitative data
      • Quantitative data: numeric measurements (objective, the same, doesn't matter who measures)
      • Qualitative data: based on the quality of an observation (observation with your senses)
    • Identify dependent vs independent variables
      • Independent variable: a condition that is manipulated (should only be one)
      • Dependent variable: experimental data collected through observation and measurements (value is dependent on the independent variable)
    • Write a proper hypothesis using an "If, then" statement
      • Example: "If [change in independent variable], then [change in dependent variable]."

    Graphing

    • Terms: 3 different types of graphs (line, bar, circle), type of relationship shown on a line graph (direct, indirect, constant)
    • When each of the 3 different types of graphs (line, bar, circle) should be used
      • Line graph: used when graphing data that shows continuous change (shows relationship between variables; information as a series of points connected to form a line)
      • Bar graph: used when graphing data that are in disconnected groups (show a comparison of multiple objects )
      • Circle/Pie graph: used to compare parts of a whole (full circle represents 100%; included as a title and what each part means)
    • Determine which variable (dependent or independent) is placed on the x-axis and the y-axis
      • Independent variable: placed on the horizontal axis (x-axis)
      • Dependent variable: placed on the vertical axis (y-axis)

    Biology: The Scientific Study of Life

    • Organisms

      • Biology: scientific study of life
      • Organism: an individual living thing
      • Biosphere: all living things and the parts of Earth and the atmosphere where they exist
      • Biodiversity: variety of life
      • Species: one type of organism able to reproduce and create fertile offspring
      • Cell: basic unit of life
      • Energy
      • Metabolism: chemical processes that build up or break down materials

    • Heterotrophs(Consumers):organisms that eat other living or once-living things

    • Autotrophs (Producers): organisms that get energy from non-living resources

    • Levels of Organization in Biology

      • Ecosystem - all living and non-living things in a habitat

    • Community -group of different species living together in an ecosystem

    • Population - group of the same species living in the same ecosystem

    • Reproduction- process of creating a new organism

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Biology 8120 Guideline for 2025 Midterm Studying PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the fundamental concepts related to homeostasis, essential elements in the human body, and ecological populations. This quiz covers key topics that are crucial for understanding biology and human physiology.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser