Biology Chapter on Genes and Proteins
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of genes in an organism?

  • To act as a barrier to foreign substances
  • To determine the color of the organism
  • To carry genetic information necessary for development (correct)
  • To synthesize hormones exclusively

    • What happens to receptors after a vesicle loses its clathrin coat?

  • They bind with ligands to form new vesicles
  • They are immediately degraded in the mitochondria
  • They are transported to the nucleus for transcription
  • They move to the membrane for reuse (correct)

    • Which statement correctly describes exocytosis?

  • It is the secretion of molecules via vesicle fusion with the membrane (correct)
  • It involves the breakdown of cellular waste within lysosomes
  • It refers to the replication of DNA in the cell cycle
  • It is the process of molecules entering the nucleus

    • What is a gene primarily responsible for?

    <p>Providing coded instructions for protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the relationship between genes and inheritance?

    <p>Genes are the basic unit of inheritance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes amino acids?

    <p>Essential amino acids must be obtained through the diet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of proteins in cells?

    <p>They regulate the chemical activity inside the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes non-essential amino acids from essential amino acids?

    <p>Non-essential amino acids can be produced by the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a polypeptide?

    <p>A chain of amino acids in a specific sequence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate contribution of proteins to the dry mass of most cells?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nucleolus within the nucleus?

    <p>RNA synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes heterochromatin?

    <p>It regulates gene expression and is tightly packed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the first tenet of cell theory state?

    <p>All organisms consist of one or more cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property is NOT associated with cells?

    <p>Incapable of responding to stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of the Central Dogma process?

    <p>Replication, Transcription, Translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is considered the basic unit of structure and function in all organisms?

    <p>Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase does a cell's chromatin condense into distinct chromosomes?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the process of DNA being transcribed into RNA?

    <p>Transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

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