Biology Chapter on Genes and Proteins
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of genes in an organism?

  • To act as a barrier to foreign substances
  • To determine the color of the organism
  • To carry genetic information necessary for development (correct)
  • To synthesize hormones exclusively

What happens to receptors after a vesicle loses its clathrin coat?

  • They bind with ligands to form new vesicles
  • They are immediately degraded in the mitochondria
  • They are transported to the nucleus for transcription
  • They move to the membrane for reuse (correct)

Which statement correctly describes exocytosis?

  • It is the secretion of molecules via vesicle fusion with the membrane (correct)
  • It involves the breakdown of cellular waste within lysosomes
  • It refers to the replication of DNA in the cell cycle
  • It is the process of molecules entering the nucleus

What is a gene primarily responsible for?

<p>Providing coded instructions for protein synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the relationship between genes and inheritance?

<p>Genes are the basic unit of inheritance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes amino acids?

<p>Essential amino acids must be obtained through the diet. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of proteins in cells?

<p>They regulate the chemical activity inside the cell. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes non-essential amino acids from essential amino acids?

<p>Non-essential amino acids can be produced by the body. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a polypeptide?

<p>A chain of amino acids in a specific sequence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate contribution of proteins to the dry mass of most cells?

<p>50% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nucleolus within the nucleus?

<p>RNA synthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes heterochromatin?

<p>It regulates gene expression and is tightly packed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the first tenet of cell theory state?

<p>All organisms consist of one or more cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property is NOT associated with cells?

<p>Incapable of responding to stimuli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of the Central Dogma process?

<p>Replication, Transcription, Translation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is considered the basic unit of structure and function in all organisms?

<p>Cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does a cell's chromatin condense into distinct chromosomes?

<p>Prophase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the process of DNA being transcribed into RNA?

<p>Transcription (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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