Biology Chapter on Chemical Reactions
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Questions and Answers

The opposite of a dehydration synthesis reaction is a hydrolysis reaction.

True (A)

When table salt, sodium chloride (NaCl), is placed in water ______.

  • Na+ and Cl- become separated by their Van der Waals forces
  • Na+ and Cl- form polar covalent bonds with each other
  • Na+ and Cl- form hydrogen bonds with water
  • Ionic bonds between Na+ and Cl- are broken (correct)
  • Na+ and Cl- form ionic bonds with each other

    • Blood contains NaCl, protein, and cells. The NaCl is in a(n) _______, the protein is in a(n) _______, and the cells are in a(n) _______.

  • emulsion; solution; suspension
  • solvent; emulsion; colloid
  • suspension; colloid; solution
  • solution; colloid; suspension (correct)
  • colloid; suspension; solution

    • Flashcards

    Hydrolysis reaction

    A chemical reaction that breaks bonds by adding water.

    Ionic bonds in water

    Ionic bonds are disrupted when substances dissolve in water.

    Solution

    A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

    Colloid

    A mixture where smaller particles are suspended but not dissolved.

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    Lowest H+ concentration

    Household ammonia has the highest pH, thus lowest H+ concentration.

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    Decomposition reaction

    A reaction where compounds break down into simpler substances.

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    Monosaccharide

    The simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of single sugar molecules.

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    Polysaccharide

    Carbohydrates composed of long chains of monosaccharide units.

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    Hydrophobic molecules

    Molecules that do not interact well with water.

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    Covalent bonds in water

    Covalent bonds break apart in water less easily than ionic bonds.

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    pH of blood plasma

    The normal pH of blood plasma is about 7.4, indicating slight alkalinity.

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    Heat capacity of water

    Water can absorb a lot of heat before its temperature changes significantly.

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    Acidic pH

    A pH less than 7, indicating higher H+ concentration.

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    Alkaline pH

    A pH greater than 7, indicating lower H+ concentration.

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    Digestion of starch

    An enzymatic process transforming starch into glucose.

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    Hydrophilic molecules

    Molecules that interact well with water and can dissolve in it.

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    Protein in blood

    Complex molecules that serve various functions in the body, suspended in colloids.

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    Chemical bond strength

    Ionic bonds are stronger than covalent bonds in a solution.

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    Blood components

    Blood is made up of NaCl (solution), proteins (colloids), and cells.

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    Synthesis reaction

    A type of reaction where simpler substances combine to form a more complex product.

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    Dehydration synthesis

    A reaction where two molecules bond by losing water.

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    pH scale

    A measure of hydrogen ion concentration, indicating acidity or alkalinity.

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    Household ammonia

    A substance with a high pH, indicating low H+ concentration.

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    Acidic substances

    Substances with a pH less than 7, indicating higher H+ concentration.

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    Alkaline substances

    Substances with a pH greater than 7, indicating lower H+ concentration.

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    Glucose

    A simple sugar that is a primary energy source for cells.

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    Starch

    A polysaccharide used for energy storage in plants.

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    Hydrophobic substances

    Substances that do not mix well with water.

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    Hydrophilic substances

    Substances that easily mix or dissolve in water.

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    Digestive enzymes

    Proteins that aid in breaking down food into simpler molecules.

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    Covalent vs. Ionic bonds

    Covalent bonds do not easily break in water compared to ionic bonds.

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    Study Notes

    Question 4

    • The opposite of a dehydration synthesis reaction is a hydrolysis reaction.
    • This statement is TRUE.

    Question 5

    • When table salt, sodium chloride (NaCl), is placed in water, ionic bonds between Na+ and Cl− are broken.
    • Na+ and Cl− form hydrogen bonds with water.

    Question 6

    • Blood contains NaCl, protein, and cells. NaCl is in a solution, the protein is in a colloid, and the cells are in a suspension.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts from biology related to chemical reactions, including hydrolysis, dehydration synthesis, and the behavior of ionic compounds in solutions. Test your knowledge of these essential processes and the properties of various substances in biological systems.

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