Biology Chapter on Biomolecules
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Questions and Answers

What type of bond forms between two α-glucose molecules during the condensation reaction?

  • 2-6 glycosidic bond
  • 2-4 glycosidic bond
  • 1-6 glycosidic bond
  • 1-4 glycosidic bond (correct)

    • Which statement accurately describes amylose?

  • It is a linear polymer of α-glucose monomers. (correct)
  • It contains both 1-4 and 1-6 glycosidic bonds.
  • It is a branched polymer of α-glucose.
  • It is soluble in water, making it unsuitable for energy storage.

    • What is the primary advantage of the starch structure for energy storage?

  • It can rapidly decompose into individual glucose molecules.
  • It has a compact and insoluble structure. (correct)
  • It has a low molecular weight, facilitating quick energy release.
  • It is highly soluble, allowing easy transport.

    • Which component of starch is characterized by branched α-glucose polymers?

    <p>Amylopectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the reaction where two α-glucose molecules combine, what is the byproduct formed?

    <p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond primarily stabilizes the secondary structure of proteins?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the relationship between a protein's structure and its function?

    <p>The specific function of a protein is determined by its final shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called that joins amino acids to form peptide bonds?

    <p>Condensation reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which structural level of protein organization would you find interactions between multiple polypeptide chains?

    <p>Quaternary structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the presence of peptide bonds when using the biuret test?

    <p>A lilac color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature is unique to triglycerides?

    <p>A backbone of glycerol with three fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes a primary function of lipids?

    <p>Long-term energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of lipids is characterized by a ring structure?

    <p>Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipid type is primarily involved in forming cell membranes?

    <p>Phospholipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do lipids play in insulation?

    <p>They trap heat within the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the formation of a peptide bond between two amino acids?

    <p>A water molecule is released as the amino groups react.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following roles is NOT typically associated with proteins?

    <p>Genetic information storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary structure of a protein defined as?

    <p>The sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does temperature affect the tertiary structure of a protein?

    <p>It causes the protein to unfold and lose its functional shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bonds is NOT involved in maintaining the tertiary structure of a protein?

    <p>Peptide bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature distinguishes starch from cellulose regarding branching?

    <p>Starch has branches attached by 1–6 linkages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which carbohydrate is classified as a polysaccharide?

    <p>Glycogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is incorrect about the properties of starch and cellulose?

    <p>Both starch and cellulose are formed entirely from glucose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bonds are present in both Glycogen and Starch according to the provided features?

    <p>Both 1-4 and 1-6 glycosidic bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique characteristic of cellulose compared to starch?

    <p>Cellulose forms microfibrils by hydrogen bonding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a feature of starch?

    <p>It is always long and straight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of hydrolysis in understanding carbohydrates?

    <p>It splits disaccharides into monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property differentiates cellulose from starch regarding plant cell walls?

    <p>Cellulose forms strong structures due to hydrogen bonding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a true statement regarding maltose?

    <p>It has 1-4 glycosidic bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which carbohydrate mentioned is NOT a disaccharide?

    <p>Glycogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of water in the formation of a peptide bond?

    <p>Water is produced as a byproduct of the reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction involves the breaking of a peptide bond?

    <p>Hydrolysis reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes a tripeptide?

    <p>A tripeptide is formed by the union of exactly 3 amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the formation of a dipeptide, which groups of the amino acids are involved in forming the peptide bond?

    <p>The amino group of one and the carboxyl group of another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a polypeptide in terms of amino acid composition?

    <p>A polypeptide consists of 3 or more amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of immunological proteins?

    <p>They fight against pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the roles of proteins?

    <p>Proteins can act as enzymes and hormones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many different amino acids are commonly used to form proteins?

    <p>Twenty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes one amino acid from another?

    <p>The identity of the R group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a listed source of protein?

    <p>Chicken</p> Signup and view all the answers

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