Biology Chapter Gas Exchange Quiz

The process by which organisms exchange gases with the environment, taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide, to support cellular respiration.

The process that converts energy in nutrients into ATP, requiring oxygen and producing carbon dioxide as a waste product.

The movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.

Respiratory surfaces in all organisms must be moist because cell membranes are always moist and only gases dissolved in water can diffuse into or out of cells.

Respiratory surfaces need to be thin to decrease the distance molecules need to travel during diffusion.

Respiratory surfaces should have a large surface area in contact with the environment to allow adequate gas exchange by diffusion.

The series of passageways that carry air into and out of the gas-exchange portion of the respiratory system.

The portion of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged through the blood.

Part of the respiratory system transporting air to the lungs, including structures like the trachea and bronchi.

The chamber at the back of the throat where air enters from the nose or mouth.

The voice box, containing vocal cords, responsible for producing sounds.

A flap of tissue in the larynx, protecting the airway from food during swallowing.

Elastic tissues within the larynx that vibrate when air passes over them, producing sound.

The main airway, a flexible tube reinforced with cartilage rings, that connects the larynx to the bronchi.

Two branches of the trachea leading to the lungs.

Tiny air sacs within the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

The movement of air into and out of the lungs.

The process of taking air into the lungs.

The process of expelling air from the lungs.

A sheet of muscle that forms the lower boundary of the chest cavity, contracting to pull it downwards during inhalation and relaxing to dome upwards during exhalation.

Muscles that connect to the ribs, contracting to lift the ribs upwards during inhalation and relaxing during exhalation.

The part of the brain that controls breathing rate.

Specialized nerve cells in the medulla that detect changes in CO2 levels in the blood.

The process of keeping CO2 levels in the blood very low and O2 levels adequate.

Involves the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs, blood, and body tissues.

A protein found in red blood cells that binds to oxygen, transporting it throughout the body.

The form in which most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood.

Oxygenated blood has a bright cherry-red colour, while deoxygenated blood is maroon-red.

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs between air and blood.

A detergent-like substance that coats alveoli, preventing them from collapsing and sticking together during exhalation.

A thin membrane that separates the air in the alveoli from the blood in the capillaries, allowing for gas exchange.

Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood, and carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli.

The tiny blood vessels that surround the alveoli, allowing for gas exchange between air and blood.

Alveoli are clustered around the end of each bronchiole, forming a large surface area for diffusion.

The alveoli are covered by a network of capillaries, allowing for efficient gas exchange.

The walls of the alveoli are very thin, consisting of only one layer of epithelial cells.