Biology Chapter: Cell Structure

False (B)

True organelles are enclosed by a membrane.

<p>surface area-to-volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observation = Using senses to gather information Hypothesis = Predicting what will occur Research = Utilizing reliable sources to gather information Experiment = Testing the hypothesis to gather data</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The surface area will increase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The factor that is changed during the experiment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Connective, Epithelial, Muscle, Nervous</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardiovascular = Heart; blood vessels; blood; transports oxygen, hormones, and nutrients Lymphatic = Lymph vessels; defend against infection and disease Digestive = Stomach; intestines; process and absorb nutrients Nervous = Brain; nerves; transmit electrical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tissues are groups of similar cells that perform a common function. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To form the body's structure and support other tissues and organs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Digests foods and absorbs nutrients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immune</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Digestive = Absorbs nutrients Endocrine = Produces hormones Muscular = Involved in movement Urinary = Removes waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heart (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pumps oxygen-rich blood through the Aorta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>oxygenated</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White Blood Cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>120 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red Blood Cells = Carry oxygen White Blood Cells = Defend against pathogens Platelets = Involved in blood clotting Plasma = Transport dissolved substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atherosclerosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aerobic = Respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen. Anaerobic = Respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gas exchange (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plaque</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pneumonia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Asthma = Air passages frequently become too narrow Pneumonia = Filling of alveoli with water Emphysema = Alveoli walls break down Bronchitis = Inflammation of bronchial tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It attaches to oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<h1>=</h1> <h1>=</h1> Signup and view all the answers

The movement of substances across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, requiring energy.

The process by which a cell engulfs large molecules or particles by enclosing them in a vesicle formed from the plasma membrane.

The process by which a cell releases molecules or particles to the exterior by fusing a vesicle containing the substance with the plasma membrane.

The division of a cell into specialized compartments, each with a specific function.

Small, membrane-bound structures within a cell that perform specific functions.

The ratio of a cell's surface area to its volume, which affects the efficiency of nutrient uptake and waste removal.

A structured, systematic approach to gaining knowledge and answering questions about the natural world.

A testable prediction or explanation for an observation, which can be supported or refuted through experimentation or further observation.

The basic unit of life, responsible for carrying out essential life processes like energy production and waste removal.

Groups of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function.

Structures made up of two or more tissues working together to perform a complex function.

A group of organs that work together to carry out a major bodily function.

The variable that is changed or manipulated in an experiment.

The variable that is measured or observed in an experiment, and its response depends on the independent variable.

The variable that is kept constant throughout an experiment to ensure a fair comparison.

The process of gathering information or data to test a hypothesis, often involving collecting both qualitative and quantitative data.

This organ system is responsible for digesting food and absorbing nutrients, minerals, vitamins, and water.

This organ system produces hormones, which communicate between cells.

This organ system provides protection from injury and water loss. It includes skin, hair, and nails.

This organ system is involved in movement and heat production. It consists of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle.

This system collects, transfers, and processes information. It includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

This system produces gametes (sex cells) and sex hormones. It includes the uterus, vagina, fallopian tubes, ovaries, penis, testes, and seminal vesicles.

This system brings air to sites where gas exchange can occur between the blood and cells (around the body) or blood and air (lungs). It includes the lungs.

This system supports and protects soft tissues of the body. It includes bones, cartilage, and ligaments.

A disease that affects the heart or blood vessels.

The buildup of plaque inside arteries, narrowing them and reducing blood flow.

The build up of plaque inside the coronary artery, which supplies the heart muscle with blood.

The process of exchanging gases between the body and the outside air.

The two-step process of drawing air into the lungs (inhaling) and letting air out of the lungs (exhaling).

The movement of gases across cell membranes without energy.

Respiration that requires oxygen to create energy within the mitochondria.

Respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen within the cytoplasm.

The largest artery in the body, responsible for carrying oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. Most arteries carry oxygenated blood, but the pulmonary artery is an exception.

Blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart. Most veins carry deoxygenated blood, but the pulmonary vein is an exception.

The smallest blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules, allowing for the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between blood and tissues.

The fluid component of blood, containing water, dissolved substances, and blood cells.

Red blood cells, responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. They contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds to oxygen.

The primary muscle involved in breathing, contracting to increase the chest cavity volume during inhalation and relaxing to decrease it during exhalation.

Tiny air sacs at the end of bronchioles, where gas exchange between air and blood takes place.

White blood cells, responsible for fighting infections and protecting the body from foreign invaders like bacteria and viruses.

The process of breathing in, involving the contraction of muscles that increase the chest cavity volume and draw air into the lungs.

Cell fragments involved in blood clotting. They help to stop bleeding by plugging tears in blood vessels.

The process of breathing out, involving the relaxation of muscles that decrease the chest cavity volume, expelling air from the lungs.

The exchange of gases between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries.

The exchange of gases between the blood and the body tissues.

A respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to difficulty breathing, coughing, and chest tightness.

A respiratory disease characterized by the filling of alveoli with fluid, hindering gas exchange, and leading to symptoms such as chest pain, difficulty breathing, and coughing.