Questions and Answers
What is a thylakoid?
What pigment gives chloroplasts their green color?
chlorophyll
The chloroplast is an organelle where photosynthesis occurs.
True
What is the stroma?
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The ______ reactions convert the sun's energy to chemical energy.
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What process does the Calvin cycle facilitate?
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What is wavelength?
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What does the electromagnetic spectrum include?
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What is a pigment?
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What does paper chromatography help observe?
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What is a photosystem?
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Study Notes
Thylakoid
- Disk-shaped sacs located in the stroma of chloroplasts
- Site for the light reactions of photosynthesis
- Enclosed by a membrane and arranged in stacks called grana (granum singular)
Chlorophyll
- Green pigment responsible for the color of chloroplasts
- Utilizes light energy to split water molecules during photosynthesis
- Exists as various chlorophyll compounds within the chloroplasts
Chloroplast
- Organelle present in plant cells and certain unicellular organisms
- Primary site where photosynthesis occurs
- Structure is integral to its function in energy conversion
Stroma
- Thick fluid found within the inner membrane of a chloroplast
- Contains suspended thylakoid sacs, which are essential for photosynthesis processes
Light Reactions
- Chemical reactions transforming solar energy into chemical energy
- Occur within the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts
- Depend on specific molecules embedded in the thylakoid membranes
Calvin Cycle
- Series of reactions in plants that synthesize sugar from carbon dioxide, H+ ions, and high-energy electrons
- Often referred to as "light-independent reactions" as it does not directly require light to initiate
Wavelength
- Defined as the distance between adjacent waves in a spectrum
- Encapsulates a wide range of electromagnetic energy types
- The electromagnetic spectrum includes varying wavelengths from gamma rays to radio waves
Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Comprehensive range of electromagnetic energy types, from gamma waves to radio waves
- Visible light represents a small fraction, detectable by the human eye as different colors
Pigment
- Chemical compounds responsible for the coloration of substances
- When light interacts with pigments, it may be absorbed, transmitted, or reflected
Paper Chromatography
- Laboratory technique employed to observe various pigments within a material
- Useful for analyzing pigments present in green leaves
Photosystem
- Clusters of chlorophyll and additional molecules found in thylakoids
- Contains several hundred pigment molecules, including chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids, essential for capturing light energy
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Description
Test your knowledge on essential terms from Biology Chapter 8.1 and 8.2. This quiz features key concepts like thylakoid and chlorophyll, which are vital for understanding photosynthesis. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of plant biology.
