Biology Chapter 8: Photosynthesis Quiz

Questions and Answers

What gas do plants require to perform photosynthesis?

Carbon Dioxide

What is the main energy carrier found in all cells?

ATP

What is the main energy source needed by all cells?

Glucose

What light absorbing molecules gather energy from the sun?

Pigments Signup and view all the answers

What are the two parts of photosynthesis?

Light dependent reaction and Calvin cycle Signup and view all the answers

What does the light dependent reaction give the Calvin cycle?

ATP, NADPH Signup and view all the answers

What are organisms that make their own food called?

Autotrophs Signup and view all the answers

What are organisms that don't make their own food called?

Heterotrophs Signup and view all the answers

What are the three parts of an ATP molecule?

Adenosine, Triphosphate, Ribose Signup and view all the answers

When is energy released from an ATP molecule?

When the third phosphate breaks off Signup and view all the answers

What makes up an ADP molecule?

Adenosine, Diphosphate, Ribose Signup and view all the answers

What did Van Helmont conclude?

Plants gain their mass from water Signup and view all the answers

What did Ingenhousz prove?

Plants only produce oxygen in light Signup and view all the answers

Photosynthesis converts water and carbon dioxide into what?

Oxygen, Glucose Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the main pigment found in plants?

Chlorophyll Signup and view all the answers

What are the colors of the visible spectrum?

Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet Signup and view all the answers

What is a granum?

Thylakoid stack Signup and view all the answers

What is the stroma?

Area in the chloroplast between granum Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the Calvin cycle?

Glucose, NADP+, ADP Signup and view all the answers

What affects the rate of photosynthesis?

Water, Temperature, Light Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation of photosynthesis?

6H2O + 6CO2 -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of converting glucose into chemical energy in the presence of oxygen?

Cellular Respiration Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of breaking a glucose molecule down into 2 pyruvic acids?

Glycolysis Signup and view all the answers

Where does cellular respiration take place?

Cytoplasm, Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

What process occurs without oxygen and converts NADH back to NAD+?

Fermentation Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of energy carriers in the cell?

Glucose, ATP Signup and view all the answers

What are the three parts of cellular respiration?

Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?

6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of fermentation?

Alcohol, Lactic Acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical equation for lactic acid fermentation?

Pyruvic Acid + NADH -> Lactic Acid + NAD+ Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical equation for alcohol fermentation?

Pyruvic Acid + NADH -> Alcohol + CO2 + NAD+ Signup and view all the answers

What gas is released in cellular respiration?

Carbon Dioxide Signup and view all the answers

How many ATP are produced from a single glucose molecule?

2 ATP Signup and view all the answers

What are the products of cellular respiration?

NADH, FADH2, 2 ATP, CO2 Signup and view all the answers

What are the reactants of glycolysis?

2 Pyruvic Acid, 4 ATP, 2 NADH Signup and view all the answers

What part of cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria?

The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain Signup and view all the answers

Where does fermentation occur?

Cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

Where does glycolysis occur?

Cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

How many ATP's does glycolysis produce?

2 ATP Signup and view all the answers

Does glycolysis require input energy?

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the electron carrier in photosynthesis?

NADP+ Signup and view all the answers

What type of process takes place in the presence of oxygen?

Aerobic Signup and view all the answers

What type of process takes place without the presence of oxygen?

Anaerobic Signup and view all the answers

What are the products of photosynthesis?

Oxygen, Glucose Signup and view all the answers

What type of organisms perform cellular respiration?

Animals Signup and view all the answers

What type of organisms perform photosynthesis?

Plants Signup and view all the answers

What is made using the energy from the electron transport chain?

NADH Signup and view all the answers

How many electrons can a NADH molecule carry?

Two Signup and view all the answers

What are the byproducts of cellular respiration?

Water, Carbon Dioxide Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Photosynthesis Overview

Plants require carbon dioxide (CO2) to perform photosynthesis.
Key energy carrier in all cells is adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Main energy source for cells is glucose.

Photosynthesis Mechanisms

Light absorbing molecules that gather solar energy are called pigments.
Photosynthesis consists of two main parts: light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle.
Light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH for the Calvin cycle.

Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs

Autotrophs are organisms that produce their own food.
Heterotrophs cannot synthesize their own food and rely on other organisms.

ATP and Energy Release

ATP consists of adenosine triphosphate, while ADP is made of adenosine diphosphate.
Energy is released from ATP when the third phosphate group is removed.

Historical Discoveries

Van Helmont concluded that plants gain mass primarily from water.
Ingenhousz demonstrated that plants produce oxygen only when exposed to light.

Photosynthesis Products

Photosynthesis transforms water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose.
The chemical equation for photosynthesis is:
- 6H2O + 6CO2 → 6O2 + C6H12O6

Pigments and Light Spectrum

The main pigment in plants is chlorophyll.
Visible spectrum includes red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.

Chloroplast Structure

Granum refers to a stack of thylakoids within the chloroplast.
Stroma is the area in the chloroplast surrounding granum.

Factors Affecting Photosynthesis

Rate of photosynthesis is influenced by water availability, temperature, and light intensity.

Cellular Respiration Overview

Cellular respiration is the process of converting glucose into chemical energy in the presence of oxygen.
Glycolysis breaks down glucose into two pyruvic acids.
Cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria.

Fermentation Processes

Fermentation processes occur without oxygen, converting NADH back to NAD+.
Two types of fermentation are alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.

Energy Carriers

Energy carriers in the cell include glucose and ATP.
NADP+ is the primary electron carrier used in photosynthesis.

Cellular Respiration Equations

The chemical equation for cellular respiration is:
- 6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP
Byproducts of cellular respiration include water and carbon dioxide.

Glycolysis Details

Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and produces 2 ATP.
It requires input energy in the form of glucose.

Organismal Roles in Processes

Animals perform cellular respiration.
Plants conduct photosynthesis.

Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

NADH, made using energy from the electron transport chain, carries two electrons.

Aerobic and Anaerobic Processes

Aerobic processes require oxygen, while anaerobic processes do not.
Both types of organisms rely on these processes to meet their energy needs.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the key concepts of photosynthesis with this quiz based on Biology Chapter 8. Learn about essential gases, energy carriers, and light-absorbing molecules that play a crucial role in this vital process for plants and cells alike.