Biology Chapter 8: An Introduction to Metabolism
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of catabolic pathways in cellular metabolism?

  • To synthesize complex molecules from simpler compounds
  • To store energy in the form of ATP
  • To release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds (correct)
  • To regulate enzyme activity in metabolic reactions
  • What is the term for the study of how organisms manage their energy resources?

  • Thermodynamics
  • Bioenergetics (correct)
  • Biochemistry
  • Metabolism
  • What type of energy is associated with the random movement of atoms or molecules?

  • Potential energy
  • Chemical energy
  • Kinetic energy
  • Heat (thermal energy) (correct)
  • What is the energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure?

    <p>Potential energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of anabolic pathways in cellular metabolism?

    <p>To consume energy to build complex molecules from simpler ones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between exergonic and endergonic reactions?

    <p>Exergonic reactions release energy, while endergonic reactions require energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the capacity to cause change?

    <p>Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of enzymes on the activation energy of a reaction?

    <p>They decrease the activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ATP in cellular work?

    <p>To perform cellular work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is an investment of activation energy necessary to initiate a spontaneous reaction?

    <p>Because it is necessary to overcome the energy barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the second law of thermodynamics and living organisms?

    <p>The second law is not violated by living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mitochondria in cellular respiration?

    <p>To synthesize ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to kinetic energy when a person climbs up?

    <p>It is converted to potential energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total energy of the universe according to the first law of thermodynamics?

    <p>Constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the change in free energy (∆G) associated with spontaneous processes?

    <p>Negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of spontaneous processes?

    <p>Towards equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction is associated with a release of free energy?

    <p>Exergonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between free energy and stability?

    <p>Higher free energy is associated with lower stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ATP in cellular work?

    <p>To couple exergonic and endergonic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of ATP hydrolysis?

    <p>Energy is released</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining feature of life in terms of metabolism?

    <p>Metabolism is never at equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of energy flow in a cell?

    <p>From high energy to low energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

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