Biology Chapter 6 Vocab Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What type of gland are apocrine glands?

They are small muscles causing goose bumps.

They separate an epithelium from underlying tissue.

They are major sweat glands found in all skin.

They have a straight portion inserting into a hair follicle. (correct)

What are arrector pili?

Small muscles which attach to hair follicles.

What is the basement membrane?

A thin, delicate membrane separating an epithelium from underlying tissue.

What are dermal papillae?

Small, nipple-like extensions of the dermis into the epidermis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the dermis?

The skin. Signup and view all the answers

What are eccrine sweat glands?

The major sweat glands of the human body. Signup and view all the answers

What is the epidermis?

The outer layer of cells covering an organism. Signup and view all the answers

What is a hair follicle?

A small secretory cavity, sac, or gland. Signup and view all the answers

What is a freckle?

A small patch of light brown color on the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What does the hypodermis do?

Secretes the chitinous cuticle in arthropods. Signup and view all the answers

What is keratin?

A fibrous protein forming the main structural component of hair and other tissues. Signup and view all the answers

What is lanugo?

Fine, soft hair covering a human fetus or newborn. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Meissner?

A German anatomist. Signup and view all the answers

What is melanin?

A dark brown to black pigment in hair, skin, and eyes. Signup and view all the answers

What are melanocytes?

Mature melanin-forming cells, typically found in the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What are Pacinian corpuscles?

Nerve endings responsible for sensitivity to pain and pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What is a papilla?

A small rounded protuberance on an organ of the body. Signup and view all the answers

What is perspiration?

The process of sweating. Signup and view all the answers

What is the pigment layer?

The layer of the epidermis containing melanocytes producing melanin. Signup and view all the answers

What is a pore?

A minute opening in the skin through which substances can pass. Signup and view all the answers

What is a sebaceous gland?

A small gland that secretes oily matter into hair follicles. Signup and view all the answers

What is sebum?

An oily secretion of the sebaceous glands. Signup and view all the answers

What does stratum refer to?

All of the above. Signup and view all the answers

What is the stratum germinativum?

The innermost layer of the epidermis. Signup and view all the answers

What does integument consist of?

The skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nails. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Apocrine Sweat Gland

Located at the junction of the dermis and subcutaneous fat
Composed of a coiled secretory portion and a straight portion that secretes into hair follicles

Arrector Pili

Small muscles attached to hair follicles in mammals
Causes hair to stand on end, resulting in goose bumps when contracted

Basement Membrane

A delicate membrane made of protein fibers and glycosaminoglycans
Separates epithelial tissue from underlying tissue layers

Dermal Papilla

Small, nipple-like extensions of the dermis into the epidermis
Play a role in enhancing the exchange of nutrients and waste between the dermis and epidermis

Dermis

The thick layer of skin beneath the epidermis
Provides structural support, elasticity, and houses blood vessels, nerves, and glands

Eccrine Sweat Gland

Major sweat glands found all over human skin
Responsible for thermoregulation through sweat secretion

Epidermis

The outermost layer of cells covering the skin
Provides a barrier against environmental agents and contributes to the skin's appearance

Follicle

A small secretory cavity or sac, particularly referring to hair follicles
Essential for hair growth and development

Freckle

Small patches of light brown color on the skin
Become more pronounced with sun exposure and are genetic in nature

Hypodermis

Layer of cells beneath the dermis in certain organisms
Often associated with fat storage and insulation

Keratin

A fibrous protein that forms the structural basis of hair, nails, and skin
Provides strength and resilience to these structures

Lanugo

Fine, soft hair that covers the body of a human fetus or newborn
Often shed shortly after birth

Meissner's Corpuscles

Specialized tactile receptors in the skin
Sensitive to light touch and located in areas such as fingertips

Melanin

A dark brown to black pigment present in hair, skin, and eyes
Plays a crucial role in protecting skin from UV radiation

Melanocyte

Melanin-producing cells typically found in the skin
Responsible for skin pigmentation and protection against UV damage

Pacinian Corpuscles

A type of mechanoreceptor found in the skin
Sensitive to pressure and vibrations

Papilla

A small rounded protuberance found on various parts of the body
In the context of the skin, contributes to the structure of hair follicles

Perspiration

The bodily process of sweating
Essential for thermoregulation and waste removal

Pigment Layer

The layer of the epidermis containing melanocytes
Responsible for skin color and pigmentation patterns

Pore

Tiny openings in the skin’s surface
Allow for the passage of gases, liquids, and particles

Sebaceous Gland

Small glands in the skin that secrete sebum
Help to lubricate and moisturize the skin and hair follicles

Sebum

Oily secretion produced by sebaceous glands
Serves as a natural moisturizer for skin and hair

Stratum

Refers to layers of material or social classifications
In skin anatomy, indicates specific layers such as the stratum germinativum

Stratum Germinativum

The innermost layer of the epidermis
Responsible for generating new skin cells through division

Integument

Comprises skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nails
Acts as a protective barrier and sensory interface with the environment

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Test your knowledge of key terms from Biology Chapter 6 with these flashcards. Each card presents a vocabulary word along with its definition to help reinforce your understanding of important concepts. Perfect for quick reviews or study sessions!