Biology Chapter 6 Flashcards: Bones and Skeletal Tissues

Questions and Answers

Which is a function of the skeletal system? (Select all that apply)

Support

Storage

Providing levers for muscle activity

Hematopoietic site

All of these (correct)

A bone with approximately the same width, length, and height is most likely?

Short bone

The shaft of a long bone is properly called the?

Diaphysis

Sites of hematopoiesis include?

Red marrow cavities of spongy bone, the diploe of flat bones, medullary cavities in bones of infants. Signup and view all the answers

An osteon has?

A central canal carrying blood vessels, concentric lamellae, osteocytes in lacunae, canaliculi that connect lacunae to the central canal. Signup and view all the answers

The organic portion of matrix is important in providing all but?

Hardness Signup and view all the answers

The flat bones of the skull develop from what tissue?

Fibrous connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

The remodeling of bone is a function of which cells?

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts Signup and view all the answers

Bone remodeling in adults is regulated and directed mainly by?

Mechanical stress and PTH Signup and view all the answers

Where within the epiphyseal plate are the dividing cartilage cells located?

Farthest from the shaft Signup and view all the answers

Wolff's law is connected with?

The shape of a bone being determined by mechanical stresses placed on it. Signup and view all the answers

Formation of the bony callus in fracture repair is followed by?

Bone remodeling Signup and view all the answers

The fracture type in which the bone ends are incompletely separated is?

A greenstick Signup and view all the answers

The disorder in which bones are porous and thin but bone composition is normal is?

Osteoporosis Signup and view all the answers

The bone cell that produces the bony matrix in a developing bone is the?

Osteoblast Signup and view all the answers

The primary ossification center of a long bone is found in the?

Diaphysis Signup and view all the answers

A local coroner determined that the unidentified skeleton found last week was that of a weight lifter because the muscle attachment sites were much thicker than in a normal person. This phenomenon is known as?

Wolff's Law Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a long bone are you studying if you are looking at the articular cartilage?

Epiphysis Signup and view all the answers

Spongy bone is made up of small flat pieces of bone called?

Trabeculae Signup and view all the answers

What membrane lines the internal canals and covers the trabecular of spongy bone?

Endosteum Signup and view all the answers

The organic portion of matrix is important in providing?

Tensile strength, ability to resist stretch and flexibility. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Functions of the Skeletal System

Provides support, acts as a hematopoietic site, stores minerals, and serves as levers for muscle activity.

Types of Bones

Short bones: approximately equal in width, length, and height.

Bone Structure

Diaphysis refers to the shaft of a long bone.
Osteon structure includes a central canal with blood vessels, concentric lamellae, osteocytes located in lacunae, and canaliculi connecting lacunae to the central canal.

Hematopoiesis

Occurs in red marrow cavities of spongy bone, the diploe of flat bones, and the medullary cavities in the bones of infants.

Organic Matrix

The organic portion provides tensile strength, the ability to resist stretch, and flexibility but does not contribute to hardness.

Development of Bones

Flat bones of the skull develop from fibrous connective tissue.

Bone Remodeling

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are responsible for remodeling bone.
Influenced by mechanical stress and parathyroid hormone (PTH).

Growth and Repair

Dividing cartilage cells are located farthest from the shaft within the epiphyseal plate.
Wolff's Law posits that bone shape is determined by mechanical stresses.
After bone fracture repair, the formation of the bony callus is followed by remodeling.

Types of Fractures

Greenstick fractures occur when bone ends are incompletely separated.

Bone Disorders

Osteoporosis is characterized by porous and thin bones with normal composition.

Bone Cells and Ossification

Osteoblasts generate the bony matrix in developing bones.
Primary ossification center of a long bone is located in the diaphysis.

Bone Adaptation

Wolff's Law also explains the thickening of muscle attachment sites in response to weight lifting.

Long Bone Anatomy

Articular cartilage is found at the epiphysis of a long bone.
Spongy bone consists of small flat pieces termed trabeculae.
Endosteum is the membrane lining internal canals and covering trabeculae of spongy bone.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the skeletal system with these flashcards covering Chapter 6. Explore various functions of bones, types of bones, and their anatomy. This quiz is perfect for students studying biology or anatomy.