Biology Chapter 5 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What structure is primarily responsible for controlling the cell's functions and contains most of its DNA?

  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Ribosome
  • Golgi Apparatus
  • Nucleus (correct)

What type of RNA carries the message from DNA to the ribosomes?

  • rRNA
  • mRNA (correct)
  • tRNA
  • sRNA

What is the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

  • Synthesis of lipids
  • Transporting waste out of the cell
  • Storage of genetic information
  • Facilitating protein synthesis (correct)

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

<p>Modification and packaging of proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the cell is specifically involved in bringing amino acids to the ribosomes?

<p>tRNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osmosis in a biological system?

<p>Diffusion of water to balance concentrations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the transport of substances with the aid of proteins?

<p>Facilitated diffusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes active transport from passive transport mechanisms?

<p>It uses energy to move substances against the concentration gradient (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes phagocytosis?

<p>Engulfing of solid particles by the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Exocytosis is primarily responsible for what cellular action?

<p>Removal of substances from inside the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which blood group has no antibodies in plasma?

<p>Group AB (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of agglutination in blood transfusions?

<p>Clumping of red blood cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Rh factors is true?

<p>Rh+ individuals have Rh antigens and no Rh antibodies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of blood is primarily used to treat severe blood loss?

<p>Whole blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the lymphatic system?

<p>Collect escaped fluid and return it to circulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What components make up lymph?

<p>Fluid matrix and white blood cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which blood group contains both Antigen A and Antigen B?

<p>Type AB (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of antibodies in plasma?

<p>To bind with specific antigens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the rib cage during inspiration?

<p>It expands outwards and upwards. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily decreases lung pressure during inspiration?

<p>Contraction of the diaphragm. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes asthma as a respiratory disease?

<p>Bronchospasm and air trapping. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of an increase in lung volume during inspiration?

<p>Air flows into the lungs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is related to chronic bronchial outflow obstruction?

<p>COPD. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during expiration due to a decrease in lung volume?

<p>Pressure in the lungs increases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential trigger for asthma attacks?

<p>Allergic reactions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when lung pressure is higher than external pressure during expiration?

<p>Air flows out of the lungs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

<p>Absorption of water and remaining nutrients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down starch into disaccharides in the small intestine?

<p>Pancreatic amylase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the digestive system is responsible for mechanical digestion through chewing?

<p>Mouth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is peristalsis?

<p>The contraction of muscles to move food through the digestive tract (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is bile produced and stored?

<p>Liver; gall bladder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is primarily secreted by gastric chief cells in the stomach?

<p>Pepsin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does mucus play in the digestive system?

<p>It lubricates and protects the digestive lining (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following enzymes helps digest lactose?

<p>Lactase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is chyme?

<p>The soupy liquid formed from food and stomach juices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes constipation in the digestive system?

<p>Increased water absorption leaving faeces dry and hard (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of teeth is primarily used for biting and cutting?

<p>Incisors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which section of the small intestine is the first part?

<p>Duodenum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of digestion occurs primarily in the stomach?

<p>Mechanical and chemical digestion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the salivary glands in digestion?

<p>Producing saliva containing digestive enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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