Biology Chapter 5 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What structure is primarily responsible for controlling the cell's functions and contains most of its DNA?

  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Ribosome
  • Golgi Apparatus
  • Nucleus (correct)

    • What type of RNA carries the message from DNA to the ribosomes?

  • rRNA
  • mRNA (correct)
  • tRNA
  • sRNA

    • What is the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

  • Synthesis of lipids
  • Transporting waste out of the cell
  • Storage of genetic information
  • Facilitating protein synthesis (correct)

    • What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Modification and packaging of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the cell is specifically involved in bringing amino acids to the ribosomes?

    <p>tRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of osmosis in a biological system?

    <p>Diffusion of water to balance concentrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the transport of substances with the aid of proteins?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes active transport from passive transport mechanisms?

    <p>It uses energy to move substances against the concentration gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes phagocytosis?

    <p>Engulfing of solid particles by the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Exocytosis is primarily responsible for what cellular action?

    <p>Removal of substances from inside the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood group has no antibodies in plasma?

    <p>Group AB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of agglutination in blood transfusions?

    <p>Clumping of red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Rh factors is true?

    <p>Rh+ individuals have Rh antigens and no Rh antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of blood is primarily used to treat severe blood loss?

    <p>Whole blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the lymphatic system?

    <p>Collect escaped fluid and return it to circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What components make up lymph?

    <p>Fluid matrix and white blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood group contains both Antigen A and Antigen B?

    <p>Type AB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of antibodies in plasma?

    <p>To bind with specific antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the rib cage during inspiration?

    <p>It expands outwards and upwards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily decreases lung pressure during inspiration?

    <p>Contraction of the diaphragm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes asthma as a respiratory disease?

    <p>Bronchospasm and air trapping.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of an increase in lung volume during inspiration?

    <p>Air flows into the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is related to chronic bronchial outflow obstruction?

    <p>COPD.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during expiration due to a decrease in lung volume?

    <p>Pressure in the lungs increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential trigger for asthma attacks?

    <p>Allergic reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when lung pressure is higher than external pressure during expiration?

    <p>Air flows out of the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the large intestine?

    <p>Absorption of water and remaining nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down starch into disaccharides in the small intestine?

    <p>Pancreatic amylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the digestive system is responsible for mechanical digestion through chewing?

    <p>Mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is peristalsis?

    <p>The contraction of muscles to move food through the digestive tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is bile produced and stored?

    <p>Liver; gall bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is primarily secreted by gastric chief cells in the stomach?

    <p>Pepsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does mucus play in the digestive system?

    <p>It lubricates and protects the digestive lining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following enzymes helps digest lactose?

    <p>Lactase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is chyme?

    <p>The soupy liquid formed from food and stomach juices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes constipation in the digestive system?

    <p>Increased water absorption leaving faeces dry and hard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of teeth is primarily used for biting and cutting?

    <p>Incisors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section of the small intestine is the first part?

    <p>Duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of digestion occurs primarily in the stomach?

    <p>Mechanical and chemical digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of the salivary glands in digestion?

    <p>Producing saliva containing digestive enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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